Open access peer-reviewed Edited Volume
3,032 Chapter Downloads
View Full MetricsGlobal Geoinformation, Sdn. Bhd.,
Malaysia
Open access chapters
By Jiali Shang, Jiangui Liu, Zhongxin Chen, Heather McNairn and Andrew Davidson
By Hamdan Omar, Thirupathi Rao Narayanamoorthy, Norsheilla Mohd Johan Chuah, Nur Atikah Abu Bakar and Muhamad Afizzul Misman
By Nur Huseyin Kaplan, Isin Erer and Deniz Kumlu
By Atri Sanyal and Amitabha Sinha
By Huichun Ye, Wenjiang Huang, Shanyu Huang, Chaojia Nie, Jiawei Guo and Bei Cui
3,032 Total Chapter Downloads
10 Crossref Citations
19 Dimensions Citations
Order a print copy of this book
£119 (ex. VAT)*
Hardcover | Printed Full Colour
IntechOpen Contributor? Get your Discount* Residents of European Union countries need to add a Book Value-Added Tax Rate based on their country of residence. Institutions and companies, registered as VAT taxable entities in their own EU member state, will not pay VAT by providing IntechOpen with their VAT registration number. This is made possible by the EU reverse charge method.
Instructor? Request an Exam Copy