**4. New advances in volcanology as a transdisciplinary science**

Looking into detail of the recent evolution of volcano science we analyzed the accessible, mainstream literature data stored in the Thomson Reuters, Web of Sciences Core Database. Volcanology has two premier publication avenue such as Bulletin of Volcanology (Springer) [BV] that is also the official journal of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior. In addition, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (Elsevier) (JVGR) also considered as a main medium for scientific communication within volcanology. We were curious to see what research trend can be deducted from the published researches in the last 2 years (2019 to 2021, 20 April 2021) within these two premier Journals. We used search operators to identify keywords (including Author keywords and Web of Science generated keyword set). We understand that these keywords commonly reflecting general "umbrella subjects" and not obviously the main subject of the specific published papers, but we still think they are representative and informative to identify trends. For this, we created word clouds by using the WordArt online tool [https://wordart.com/] to visualize main keywords (larger words in more central position reflects more common appearance of such keywords). For the Bulletin of Volcanology 184 paper was identified. From these 184 papers keywords were extracted, while common non-informative words deleted as well as too generic words such as *volcanism, volcano, volcanic, eruption, magma, lava pyroclastic and based*. In addition, manually all the location keywords were deducted and inserted to a separate file to see the common locations research focused in the past 2 years. Following this method, the **Flow, Ash, Dome Size, Current** words stand out reflecting the research output intensity around tephra and various geophysical flow research (**Figure 3A**). The rest of the keywords show a fairly even distribution across the entire spectrum of subjects. Applying the similar techniques to the JVGR, on the basis of 557 papers published in the same period of time showed keywords as most common to be **System, Flow, Evolution, Model, Isotope, Hydrothermal, Fluid** (**Figure 3B**). To look at the common locations current volcanology research associated with published within BV showed **Bogoslof, Kilauea,** 

### **Figure 3.**

*Keywords identified on Web of Science Core Database papers published since 2019 in the two major volcanology scientific magazines, Bulletin of Volcanology (A) and Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (B).*

**7**

**Figure 5.**

*on Web of Science core database.*

*Introductory Chapter: Updates in Volcanology - Transdisciplinary Nature of Volcano Science*

*Location keywords identified on Web of Science Core Database in the papers published since 2019 in the two major volcanology scientific magazines, Bulletin of Volcanology (A) and Journal of Volcanology and* 

**Puna, Andes and Etna** as top for BV (**Figure 4A**), while **Andes, StHelens, Etna, and Iceland** having the most common location keywords for JVGR (**Figure 4B**). The following method was applied for a narrower time frame (**last 12 months**) but looking at the **title, keywords and abstract** of the published papers in the two major volcanology magazines (**Figure 5**). From the 101 published papers the **Erupt, Volcan, Volcano, Lava, Magma** words were the most commonly used while in the "second" abundance more process-related words such as **Flow, Deposit, Data,** 

*Word map derived from the title and abstracts of the last 12 months papers published in BV and JVGR based* 

As volcanic geoheritage became an important aspect of volcano science recently we checked the main keywords associated with researches identified under volcanic geoheritage topic search term from the Web of Sciences Core Databases. A total of

**Model, Explosion, System, Observe** etc. appeared.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97801*

**Figure 4.**

*Geothermal Research (B).*

*Introductory Chapter: Updates in Volcanology - Transdisciplinary Nature of Volcano Science DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97801*

### **Figure 4.**

*Updates in Volcanology – Transdisciplinary Nature of Volcano Science*

[103, 106]. In addition, an increased recognition of traditional knowledge and cultural aspects of volcanoes explored and made mainstream research outputs [107–111].

Looking into detail of the recent evolution of volcano science we analyzed the accessible, mainstream literature data stored in the Thomson Reuters, Web of Sciences Core Database. Volcanology has two premier publication avenue such as Bulletin of Volcanology (Springer) [BV] that is also the official journal of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior. In addition, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (Elsevier) (JVGR) also considered as a main medium for scientific communication within volcanology. We were curious to see what research trend can be deducted from the published researches in the last 2 years (2019 to 2021, 20 April 2021) within these two premier Journals. We used search operators to identify keywords (including Author keywords and Web of Science generated keyword set). We understand that these keywords commonly reflecting general "umbrella subjects" and not obviously the main subject of the specific published papers, but we still think they are representative and informative to identify trends. For this, we created word clouds by using the WordArt online tool [https://wordart.com/] to visualize main keywords (larger words in more central position reflects more common appearance of such keywords). For the Bulletin of Volcanology 184 paper was identified. From these 184 papers keywords were extracted, while common non-informative words deleted as well as too generic words such as *volcanism, volcano, volcanic, eruption, magma, lava pyroclastic and based*. In addition, manually all the location keywords were deducted and inserted to a separate file to see the common locations research focused in the past 2 years. Following this method, the **Flow, Ash, Dome Size, Current** words stand out reflecting the research output intensity around tephra and various geophysical flow research (**Figure 3A**). The rest of the keywords show a fairly even distribution across the entire spectrum of subjects. Applying the similar techniques to the JVGR, on the basis of 557 papers published in the same period of time showed

**4. New advances in volcanology as a transdisciplinary science**

keywords as most common to be **System, Flow, Evolution, Model, Isotope, Hydrothermal, Fluid** (**Figure 3B**). To look at the common locations current volcanology research associated with published within BV showed **Bogoslof, Kilauea,** 

*Keywords identified on Web of Science Core Database papers published since 2019 in the two major volcanology scientific magazines, Bulletin of Volcanology (A) and Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (B).*

**6**

**Figure 3.**

*Location keywords identified on Web of Science Core Database in the papers published since 2019 in the two major volcanology scientific magazines, Bulletin of Volcanology (A) and Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (B).*

### **Figure 5.**

*Word map derived from the title and abstracts of the last 12 months papers published in BV and JVGR based on Web of Science core database.*

**Puna, Andes and Etna** as top for BV (**Figure 4A**), while **Andes, StHelens, Etna, and Iceland** having the most common location keywords for JVGR (**Figure 4B**).

The following method was applied for a narrower time frame (**last 12 months**) but looking at the **title, keywords and abstract** of the published papers in the two major volcanology magazines (**Figure 5**). From the 101 published papers the **Erupt, Volcan, Volcano, Lava, Magma** words were the most commonly used while in the "second" abundance more process-related words such as **Flow, Deposit, Data, Model, Explosion, System, Observe** etc. appeared.

As volcanic geoheritage became an important aspect of volcano science recently we checked the main keywords associated with researches identified under volcanic geoheritage topic search term from the Web of Sciences Core Databases. A total of

### **Figure 6.**

*Word map of keywords identified from the Web of Science Core Database. (A) Keywords from the 78 published papers returned from topic search for volcanic geoheritage. (B) Keywords identified from 530 papers returned from topic search for geoheritage. Please not that non-generic keywords were excluded from this map that were too general to see the details of research outputs hence keyword resulted 10 to 100 scores were plotted on the diagram.*

79 paper has been identified in the time period between 2010 and 2021, suggesting the very recent formulation of this term (**Figure 6A**). To see this results in a perspective we made a keyword search for Geoheritage that resulted a total of 530 published papers between 2011 and 2021 (only 10 years!!). By removing the most non-generic terms such as **Heritage, Geotour, Geoheritage, Geoconservation, Geosite and Geopark,** focusing on those keywords that were identified between 10 and 100 occasions we can see that **Volcanic** is a common keyword within geoheritage studies (**Figure 6B**). This suggests that volcano science gradually build a strong corner within geoheritage, geoconservation and geoeducation. For curiosity we made a survey to check the published papers by searching **Volcanic AND Transdisciplinary** that resulted 8 published papers between 2015 and 2021 indicating the recent identification of this technical terms.

In summary we can say that volcano science is a very colorful and fast evolving science. Its transdisciplinary nature is getting more and more recognized and applied for a very diverse array of research areas and practical approaches to community engagement. This book offers another snapshot to this process.

**9**

**Author details**

Károly Németh1,2

New Zealand

*Introductory Chapter: Updates in Volcanology - Transdisciplinary Nature of Volcano Science*

1 School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North,

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

2 Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, Sopron, Hungary

\*Address all correspondence to: k.nemeth@massey.ac.nz

provided the original work is properly cited.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97801*
