*1.1.1 G.P.S. based position or location sensors*

This technology supports the proper application of agrochemicals and can safeguard water quality. Around 82 per cent of the implementation of the fertiliser can be uniform and appropriate by using a human resource controlled or lightbar guidance system [3]. Determination of longitude, altitude, and latitude by using the signals received from signals; these sensors can monitor the accurate position or location of the crop (**Figure 1**).

The G.P.S. systems used to measure the distances to the precisely located G.P.S. satellites to find positions on earth. Radio signals broadcasted from the G.P.S. satellites monitored by receivers [3]. A GPS position is usually determined by simultaneously measuring the distance to at least three satellites. The time taken for a radio signal which travels from the satellite to the G.P.S. receiver determines the length. For the calculation of positions, the information collected from the radio signals, which includes broadcasting time and satellite information, has to be processed.

This technology relatively inexpensive and also helps with parallel tracking devices, which assists the operators for the visualisation of the position concerning previous passes and to recognise the need for steering adjustments.

**Figure 1.** *G.P.S. system.*

#### *Internet of Things and Machine Learning Applications for Smart Precision Agriculture DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97679*

Commonly, these aids are coming with different configurations. G.P.S. technology was used for monitoring yield or mapping the field and also soil sampling [3, 4]. The G.P.S. navigation system can increase the efficiency of the farm and improve the aspects of agribusiness by reducing environmental impacts. This system can also reduce the operator's fatigue and anxiety regarding fertiliser and pesticide application. The use of this technology can demonstrate to the nonagricultural community that advanced technology used for farming efficiently and safely sampling [4].
