Biomedical Applications with Using Embedded Systems

*Gulcicek Dere*

### **Abstract**

Besides the use of embedded systems in the field of electrical and electronics engineering, industrial, telecommunication, military, and many other commercial applications, and the other applications in the field of medical and biomedical are becoming increasingly common. Embedded system applications are increasing not only with designs on devices or with clothing, factories, medical and military equipments, portable devices, but also with applications such as 'mobile worlds' and 'e-worlds', Artificial Intelligence and IoT (Internet of things) with the possibility to make all kinds of software on them. In recent years, with the rise of infectious diseases such as the Covid 19 virus, there is a growing need for telemedicine applications such as diagnosis, prognosis and patient management. Embedded system technologies have occupied an important area in biomedical technology. Especially, to develop tools for the purposes of increasing the safety of healthcare workers in the event of epidemic infectious diseases in processes such as pandemics. For this purpose, monitoring of patients discharged from hospitals at home or nonintensive care beds during quarantine, or isolated in their homes, outpatient, and mildly ill, remotely, instantly, safely and quickly, are becoming increasingly important. In this section, we will give an overview of the embedded system structure and applications.

**Keywords:** biomedical applications, embedded systems, programmable device, biomedical hardware and software, medical devices

### **1. Introduction**

Embedded systems are defined as customized hardware with an operating system and processor, designed to perform a specific operation alone. Systems consisting of a combination of software and hardware designed to enable a system consisting of mechanical and electronic components to work for a specific purpose through a microprocessor or microcontroller.

Embedded Systems usually do not interact directly with the end user. They work reactively and in real time with limited resources for a single purpose, and they can perform highly critical tasks from time to time in their usage areas.

Errors that may occur here can result in huge loss of property and lives. From this point of view, it is very important that these systems are "reliable" and "tolerant of errors".

Created by embedding software (hardware design for fpga) on a microcontroller, microprocessor, dsp (digital signal processor) or fpga (field programmable gate array); It is an electronic (or electromechanical) system that generally contains modules such as memory, input and output modules, sensors, physical output. It is an event that should not be confused with the dedicated system. Embedded systems that are generally smaller size and operate with smaller processor powers. Besides, the dedicated system is a system chosen to do a single work. For example, the library's web server and database server can be kept on separate machines, and if the task of these machines is to host only the web server, or only to provide the database, this is called a dedicated system. There is no size, processor or capacity constraint dedicated systems [1].

Is a programmable device, a combination of development hardware &software; that forms a component of an electrical device [2]. Medical applications of embedded systems are preferred because they are real-time and very fast. Embedded systems are computer systems and we need to know and control all the details and features of this computer system. An embedded system is a combination of both hardware and software, consisting of a microprocessor, memory for storing data and programs, converters microcontroller or digital signal processors (DSP), sensors, actuators and other interfaces [3].
