**Abstract**

Advancement in manufacturing processes has drawn preeminent interest from researchers and industry, it makes the process of manufacturing more productive and capable of high efficiency. Advancement of technology has been done by several approaches to combine different manufacturing processes with similar objectives of increasing material removal rate, improving surface integrity, reducing tool wear, reducing production time, and extending application areas. A combination of different processes has been called 'Hybrid' processes by various researchers, engineers, and industry expert. Hybrid processes open new opportunities and applications for manufacturing various components that are not able to be produced economically by processes on their own. This review report starts with the classification of current manufacturing processes based on the nature of the processing. The main part of this report is reviews of existing and widely used manufacturing processes that recently reported in a decade. Purpose of this report to produce an overview of these different processes by reviewing various research papers.

**Keywords:** manufacturing processes, advancement of technology, hybrid processes, economic processes, recent manufacturing process

#### **1. Introduction**

In the present manufacturing industry developed a new approach to manufacture products. Generally conventional manufacturing processes which has been widely adopted are computer numerical control (CNC) machining, transformative processes such as forming, joining and dividing operations, for example, welding and sawing. Also, additive manufacturing has been adopted in many sectors of industries.

Conventional manufacturing processes, however, have their inherent drawbacks which cannot be eliminated. In other words, due to their technological constraints, they are not always feasible to produce various components in terms of geometry, dimension, and strength, etc. CNC machining can have difficulties in machining complex shapes due to tool accessibility. High temperature and tool wear are other considerations while machining hard materials. As compared to CNC machining, Rapid prototyping is still restricted because of long production time and low accuracy. Limited materials' formability and spring-back effect confine the

development of forming processes. In welding processes, furthermore, dimensional precision is hard to completely control.

In view of the issues referenced above, a combination of two or more manufacturing processes with different manufacturing principle is a new topic for many researchers, such processes are called hybrid manufacturing. The main driven idea to develop such process is to minimize individual manufacturing limitation and enhance their advantages by combining two or more manufacturing processes. The combination of CNC machining and additive processes may provide a new substantial solution to the limitations of additive processes due to the high accuracy and machining speed that machining processes offer. Moreover, the combination of laser heating and forming reduces spring back behavior. The combination of drilling and ultrasonic vibration can reduce the tool wear rate and cutting force. The involvement of laser drilling and electrochemical machining (ECM) significantly removes the recast layer and heat affect zone.

Hybrid manufacturing has enormous potential to produce more complex parts, provide more tolerance of flexibility while maintaining high accuracy in relatively lower production time. This is now becoming trend among researchers to develop hybrid processes for enhancing processes capabilities, minimizing their limitations and broadening application areas.

high quality etc. The operation driver is responsible for shrinking time to market requirements which led to high production rate, apart from that its attributed to

Over a last few decade's manufacturing theory wise the trends can be observed in **Figure 2** and those are as follows, In the 1960's a measure trend for manufacturing processes were cost-driven. Then it became quality driven in 1980. However recently cost quality and time to market are the most important drivers in

The need for advanced manufacturing can be attributed to the following.

produce products cost effective by cutting manufacturing costs.

*A Review on Advanced Manufacturing Techniques and Their Applications*

**2.2 Manufacturing philosophy wise the trends**

a. Limitations in conventional methods.

a. Production with low cost

c. Miniaturization

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b. Automated data transmission

d. Precise and ultra-precession Finishing

b. Rapid improvements in material properties.

c. High tolerance requirements, product requirements.

Some major advantages of advanced manufacturing processes

**3. Classification of advanced manufacturing techniques**

**3.1 General classification of advanced manufacturing techniques**

A general classification is described in **Figure 3**. Techniques like ultrasonic machining, water jet machining, abrasive water jet machining, abrasive jet machining, abrasive flow machining, magnetic abrasive flow machining are classified under Mechanical category. Plasma earth machining, laser beam processing, electron beam processing, electric discharge machining, ion beam machining etcetera

manufacturing industries.

*Manufacturing philosophy wise the trends.*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97702*

**Figure 2.**

The major topic contains in this book chapter are classification of existing manufacturing processes and its technologies based on their nature of operation; simplification of different strategies and terms used by researchers; define, identify and classification of hybrid manufacturing processes.

### **2. Need and significance of advance manufacturing**

#### **2.1 Major drivers of advanced manufacturing**

As shown in **Figure 1** Advance Manufacturing has three major driver's material driver, process driver and operational driver. A development in new materials which are hard to machines are categorized under material driven processes, while process driver is due to specific product necessities such as precision, high accuracy,

**Figure 1.** *The major drives of advanced manufacturing processes.*

*A Review on Advanced Manufacturing Techniques and Their Applications DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97702*

**Figure 2.** *Manufacturing philosophy wise the trends.*

development of forming processes. In welding processes, furthermore, dimensional

Hybrid manufacturing has enormous potential to produce more complex parts, provide more tolerance of flexibility while maintaining high accuracy in relatively lower production time. This is now becoming trend among researchers to develop hybrid processes for enhancing processes capabilities, minimizing their limitations

The major topic contains in this book chapter are classification of existing manufacturing processes and its technologies based on their nature of operation; simplification of different strategies and terms used by researchers; define, identify

As shown in **Figure 1** Advance Manufacturing has three major driver's material

driver, process driver and operational driver. A development in new materials which are hard to machines are categorized under material driven processes, while process driver is due to specific product necessities such as precision, high accuracy,

In view of the issues referenced above, a combination of two or more manufacturing processes with different manufacturing principle is a new topic for many researchers, such processes are called hybrid manufacturing. The main driven idea to develop such process is to minimize individual manufacturing limitation and enhance their advantages by combining two or more manufacturing processes. The combination of CNC machining and additive processes may provide a new substantial solution to the limitations of additive processes due to the high accuracy and machining speed that machining processes offer. Moreover, the combination of laser heating and forming reduces spring back behavior. The combination of drilling and ultrasonic vibration can reduce the tool wear rate and cutting force. The involvement of laser drilling and electrochemical machining (ECM) significantly

precision is hard to completely control.

*Computational Optimization Techniques and Applications*

removes the recast layer and heat affect zone.

and classification of hybrid manufacturing processes.

**2.1 Major drivers of advanced manufacturing**

*The major drives of advanced manufacturing processes.*

**2. Need and significance of advance manufacturing**

and broadening application areas.

**Figure 1.**

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high quality etc. The operation driver is responsible for shrinking time to market requirements which led to high production rate, apart from that its attributed to produce products cost effective by cutting manufacturing costs.
