K-Means Efficient Energy Routing Protocol for Maximizing Vitality of WSNs

*Bouakkaz Fatima, Ali Wided, Guemmadi Sabrina and Derdour Makhlouf*

## **Abstract**

The progress of wireless communication and microelectronics create wireless sensor network, which is a very important field of research, The utilization of Wireless Sensor Network is growing and have a diversity applications like Military applications, Agriculture, Health care, Medical monitoring. The main issue of WSN is energy consumption, where prolonged network lifetime, is important necessity. From the solution proposed the Clustering with k-means is a successful technique for achieving these goals. This work is adaptation of one of the most famous protocol in WSN witch is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) in the clustering phase where the choice of number of clusters and their CHs.sing the k-means method and the distance between nodes and residual energy. Clustering k-means given a best partition with cluster separation. This chapter regulated as below, in section two we discussed related work used k-means to improved vitality of WSN. In the next section, we introduce the proposed adaptation protocol. The simulation resultsusing MATLAB have shown that the proposed protocol outperforms LEACH protocol and optimizes the nodes energy and thenetwork lifetime.

**Keywords:** wireless sensor networks, clustering, routing protocol, low energy consumption, K-means, LEACH

### **1. Introduction**

Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is composed of vast number of sensor nodes for sensing data. Nodes are deployed densely either in (WSN) itself, or somewhere near to it [1]. Although the sensors nodes are low in cost, they have limited energy [2].

**Figure 1** below displays Wireless Sensor Network architecture.

"Clustering" is technique very efficient to prolong lifetime of network, by reducing energy consumption. Clusters are easy to manage as compared to large whole network. In this chapter we propose a new routing protocol based of K-Means mechanisms in phase of clustering and used the same transmission principe of Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol in each cluster. Cluster Head (CH) is elected the node having the higher residual energy and minimum distances from k-means of each cluster.

**Figure 1.** *A wireless sensors network architecture [3].*
