Contents



Preface

Analytical chemistry deals with the identification and structural verification of materials developed through any discipline of chemistry or material sciences. The versatile application of this branch of chemistry provides researchers with a vast field of analytical instruments and methodologies for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The suitability of chemicals and materials in different areas of technological developments can also be determined using analytical chemistry. The field of analytical chemistry is improving daily due to the refinement of instruments and related principles and theories with a practical approach. This advancement makes it easier for chemists to analyze their studies deeply for optimum utilization of

This edited book is for researchers, postgraduate students, and all those associated with analytical chemistry. It presents the latest advancements and applications of analytical chemistry in a systematic manner. It is an anthology of scientific findings and views of researchers from various research centers across the globe on emerging topics of instrumentation, energy, environment, biotechnology, and synthetic enhancement analysis techniques related to analytical chemistry. The volume includes twelve chapters containing discussion, analogies, and graphics for a better

I am grateful to the authorities of the institution affiliated with me for their encouragement throughout the preparation of this book. I am thankful to the faculty members of the University Department of Chemistry, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India, for productive discussions about the content of the book. I am most grateful for the assistance of Dr. Netra Pal Singh, Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India. I am also appreciative of my family members for their support and care, especially my wife Shalini Srivastava. I extend my sincere thanks to all the authors who contributed chapters and the team at IntechOpen for publishing this book with all their

This book is dedicated to my respected grandfather Shri Vishwanath Prasad Srivastava (in loving memory) and father Shri Sunil Kumar Srivastava.

> **Abhay Nanda Srivastva** Department of Chemistry,

> > Muzaffarpur, India

Nitishwar Mahavidyalaya (B.R.A. Bihar University),

materials in various areas.

best efforts.

understanding of the presented concepts.
