**Author details**

*Analytical Chemistry - Advancement, Perspectives and Applications*

The stripping peak currents show a linear increase with a prolonged period holding the maximum peak current which indicates the saturation of all the possible attachment sites on the functionalized electrode by the adsorption of the

The pH-value have significant influence onto the size of the square wave voltammetric peaks and also assists in the hydrolysis of metal ions, therefore, it is crucial to choose a suitable pH-value for the sensing of metal ions. At the high concentration of hydrogen ion, the intensity of peak current is reduced due to protonation of hydrophilic groups on the surface of sensing material which leads to the decrease in the attachment sites for the adsorption of the heavy metal ions. Proper pH maintains originality of electron rich functional group over the sensing integrity.

Supporting electrolytes are introduced to purge off the electro-migration effect. Therefore, the stripping voltammetric response of the peaks of current for the metal ions determination was also assessed by varying the nature of the stripping medium.

In summary, non modified electrochemical sensor exhibited week binding and week adsorption capacity. The introduction and modification of surface functional groups was explored to improve the chemical selectivity and charge density at the active surface. The detection capacity can be improved through attachment of functional group having high affinity towards environmental pollutants. The electrochemical detection depends on the nature and structure of sensing electrode. The sensitivity and selectivity are critical core sites which enhances electrochemical analysis. CNTs enable faster transfer of electrical signal due to its high conductivity and conjugated polymers provide advanced affinity towards metal ions. Functionalized CNPs can result in highly sensitive redox sensors for a number of analytes. It can be demonstrated that the modified electrode showed excellent electro catalytic activity, increase the rate of electron transfer electron and the adsorption of the pollutants (inorganic/organic)molecules on the surface of the electrode.

The authors are thankful to the authorities of L.N.T. College and R.B.B.M. College Muzaffarpur (S.K.) and Nitishwar Mahavidyalaya, Muzaffarpur (A.N.S.) for providing necessary facilities related to proceed the work. We are also grateful to the authorities of B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur as well as Higher education department, Govt. of Bihar, Patna for their kind support in terms of academic and research development.

The authors have declared no conflict of financial interest.

**6.3 Deposition time**

heavy metal contaminants.

**6.5 Supporting electrolyte**

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

**7. Conclusion and perspectives**

**6.4 pH (buffer capacity) of medium**

**82**

Sunil Kumar1 and Abhay Nanda Srivastva<sup>2</sup> \*

1 Department of Chemistry, L.N.T. College, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India

2 Department of Chemistry, Niteshwar Mahavidyalaya, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India

\*Address all correspondence to: drabhaysss@gmail.com

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