**Evaluation**

132 Sleep Disorders

a steering wheel in his lane the ideal track (*tracking*) and by using of two buttons (both same function), which are located on the steering console, to respond on appearing

Depending on the steering wheel movements, the position of the vehicle on the road will be recalculated and visualized on-line. The program records the time deviation from the ideal line (*tolerance deviation time*) and of the lane (*tracking deviation time*) and the right, the missing, the unfounded reactions and the reaction time (Büttner et al. 2000a/b, Büttner 2001). Tolerance or track deviation is the number of tracking errors, which in absolute terms described, exceeds the tolerance and lane width in the test. By converting the number of pixels we obtain the time in seconds, which was driven outside the tolerance range or

The average error of the tracking deviation time was 2.3 ± 4.5 s in the calibration sample, the limit of the track deviations of healthy persons in a 95% confidence interval was < 13.2 s, 98% of healthy individuals have had values between 0 to 150 track deviations. The mean error of tolerance deviation time was 96.0 ± 177.0 s in the healthy person's, the limit of tolerance deviations of the calibration sample in a 95% CI was < 450.4 s (Büttner et al.

The verification of the *reliability* using the *Cronbach alpha* was for the tracking component r = .9785, for the visual search r = .9666 and for the reaction time = .8943. The verification of the *test-retest reliability* (after 3 days) was for the tracking component rtt = .9855, for the visual search rtt = .9447 and for the reaction time rtt = .9211 (Büttner et al. 2000a/b, Büttner 2001).

obstacles (*visual search*).

**Evaluation** 

beyond the roadway.

2000a/b, Büttner 2001).

**Standardization and quality criteria** 

Fig. 6. Driving Simulator *Carsim* by Büttner et al. 1999, 2000

The average reaction rate (in milliseconds), the degree of right, incorrect and omitted responses were recorded at Q&M-sustained attention test.Danker-Hopfe, Sauter and Popp (2006) determined in a standardization study with healthy volunteers cut-off values of more than 3 for omitted responses, more than 4 for incorrect responses and longer than 498 milliseconds for the response times of subjects. Standard values for OSAS patients are not yet available.

Fig. 7. Sustained attention test by Quatember and Maly (1994)
