**6. Conclusion**

Although the DSSC shows promising results with respect to low-cost and moderate efficiency in comparison with inorganic semiconductor solar cells, the ongoing processes in DSSC are quite complex and lots of studies are required to increase the output efficiency. In this chapter, we highlighted the fact that organic dyes have many excited state processes that have been overlooked in the past. Most of these processes showed detrimental effects on the overall performance of the DSSC. However, other exited state processes, such as the formation of TICT state, illustrated that high efficiency can also be attained through the excited state dynamics of the adsorbed dye. Understanding the dye's excited state processes will allow for fine tuning of such processes, via the chemical synthesis of organic dyes, correlating with the output efficiency of the DSSC.

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**Author details**

Ahmed M. El-Zohry

provided the original work is properly cited.

Department of Physics, Stockholm University Stockholm, Sweden

\*Address all correspondence to: ahmed.elzohry@fysik.su.se; amfzohry@yahoo.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*Excited-State Dynamics of Organic Dyes in Solar Cells DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94132*
