**4. Methodology**

#### **4.1 Site selection**

The Jammu and Kashmir shares international boundary with Pakistan & China. The Line of Control on the area of Pakistan divides the UT which turns one part as J&K'and the other part as POK'[15, 23–26]. It also shares boundary with other state like Himachal Pradesh and Punjab [23, 24, 27]. The UT has two different parts namely 1) Jammu and 2) Kashmir. The two parts of the state differ drastically from each other on the basics of climate.

Rapid population growth and hi-tech development in recent decades have led to additional energy consumption, especially in the power sector [25]. In addition, there are numerous parts of the world in rising countries which have minimal or no way to electrical energy, particularly in rural areas [28–31]. Rural electrification is also stated to be very necessary for rural development in order to achieve economic growth, elimination of deprivation, generation of jobs and improvement of village living standards [32]. According to the 2011 Indian census, out of 1.21 billion, 0.83 billion live in rural areas and about 44 per cent of the population lack grid access [33]. Electricity generation has to be improved to solve these issues. In India, fossil fuel emissions produce a large proportion of electricity [34].

Patyari Katlan is a village located in Jammu-Kashmir Samba district which falls in India. **Table 1** shows the profile of Village adopted for study. The total residential consumption of the rural community is 1083.432 kWh/day in the summer.

**Load profile:** Load of the selected village depends on the equipments used in the houses. Load calculated by Energy audit of the village. There are 35 houses in the village and the equipments connected in the houses are tube lights, fans, coolers, TV's, refrigerators only. The equipments connected in the village are very less because the village is just 2 km away from the Pakistan border so the village is not so well developed [16].

**Energy Audit:** Energy audit is defiened as "organized monitoring and review of energy usage and energy use of site, facility, system or entity with the goal of defining and reporting on energy flows and future changes in energy quality." [17, 19–21, 35].

**7**

**Figure 1.**

*Wattage of equipments connected in the houses of village.*

**Table 2.**

*Residential load of the village.*

*Techno Economic Feasibility Analysis of Solar PV System in Jammu: A Case Study*

pollution can be reduced if not eradicate entirely. [27, 36]

tion is in the February month i.e. 20130.656kWh.

**4.2 Meteorology data of Patyari Kaltan (Thali)**

**equipment**

**Residential load**

**S.no Equipment No. of** 

Energy saving is extremely relevant as the demand is rising day by day in the country, looking at the situation energy auditing is being performed. This is a method of monitoring how electricity is being used, and finding places wherever

The energy use by lighting and big appliances such as fridge, fans, etc. in 24 hours is calculated by doing survey. The wattage of each equipment is represented in **Table 2**. **Figure 1** shows the hourly variation of each equipment. The highest energy is consumed by refrigerator and lowest by lighting system. The rural community's average residential consumption is 1083,432 kWh per day in the summer, and 718,952 kWh per day in the winter months. Monthly residential consumption of the village is shown in the **Table 3**. **Figure 2** depicts the graphical representation of monthly residential consumption. The **Table 3** shows that the peak load is in the July month i.e. 33586.392kWh. And the minimum energy utiliza-

The solar resource information used for the selected village was found from the NASA Surface Meteorology. Access was made to NASA database to assess solar irradiance in the remote rural Jammu region [13]. The most important step before using a solar photovoltaic device is to define solar power potential in a given region [3–5]. The solar irradiance records for the regions selected were

> **Wattage (w)**

 Lighting 502 36 289.152 8674.56 104094.7 Fans 179 70 200.48 6014.4 36086.4 Coolers 41 250 164 4920 14760 TV 35 70 9.8 294 3528 Refrigerator 35 750 420 12600 151200

**Consumed electricity per day (kwh)**

**Consumed electricity per month (kwh)**

**Consumed electricity per year (kwh)**

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98809*

*Techno Economic Feasibility Analysis of Solar PV System in Jammu: A Case Study DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98809*

Energy saving is extremely relevant as the demand is rising day by day in the country, looking at the situation energy auditing is being performed. This is a method of monitoring how electricity is being used, and finding places wherever pollution can be reduced if not eradicate entirely. [27, 36]

The energy use by lighting and big appliances such as fridge, fans, etc. in 24 hours is calculated by doing survey. The wattage of each equipment is represented in **Table 2**. **Figure 1** shows the hourly variation of each equipment. The highest energy is consumed by refrigerator and lowest by lighting system. The rural community's average residential consumption is 1083,432 kWh per day in the summer, and 718,952 kWh per day in the winter months. Monthly residential consumption of the village is shown in the **Table 3**. **Figure 2** depicts the graphical representation of monthly residential consumption. The **Table 3** shows that the peak load is in the July month i.e. 33586.392kWh. And the minimum energy utilization is in the February month i.e. 20130.656kWh.

## **4.2 Meteorology data of Patyari Kaltan (Thali)**

The solar resource information used for the selected village was found from the NASA Surface Meteorology. Access was made to NASA database to assess solar irradiance in the remote rural Jammu region [13]. The most important step before using a solar photovoltaic device is to define solar power potential in a given region [3–5]. The solar irradiance records for the regions selected were

