**4. Conclusions**

The authors have presented SPICE based modeling of PV cells and modules in detail. The I-V and P-V characteristics of popular fixed topologies for creating PV modules using SPICE modeling are presented. The contribution presented in this work will be significant in creating a smarter PV module that can better able to reduce the impact of partial shading, mismatch, and open/short fault.

In recent times many research works are done on creating a reconfigurable PV module. The modeling technique shown in the chapter presented the modeling technique of the reconfigurable PV module. These silicon switches embedded PV modules have the capability to create futuristic smart PV panels. Hence, for studying their performance in different operating conditions, the modeling technique presented in this chapter will be significant for their acceptance in different applications.
