*2.2.1.1 Qualitative filtration tests*

In filtration process, the quality of treated water, permeate, depends on initial effluent quality and membranes properties. While, the quantity of produced permeate depends mainly of operating conditions.

In the first part of filtration tests the objective is to find the best permeate quality in terms of physic-chemical and biological properties. Thus, different membranes processes were tested (**Figure 1**):


A small pilot scale "Kerasep" was used during the experiments (**Figure 2**). The system is equipped by different ceramic membranes modules. These ones have a nominal surface area of 370 cm2 and 400 mm of length (**Table 1**). This driver is easy to handle and allows operation on small volumes. Indeed, about 3 L of effluent were used for each filtration test. The operating parameters (pressure and frequency of pump rotation) are set at random. After each test, a characterization of the permeate is carried out.
