**2.1. Studied place**

Antananarivo is a city overlooking a hill that rises 1248 meters above an area of rice paddies. It is the capital of Madagascar and it is also the economic and administrative lung of this country. Antananarivo has a tropical climate of altitude. Although it is located in the inter-tropical zone, the average temperature over the year is moderated by the effects of altitude. The climate is characterized by cool and very dry winters and mild and very wet summers. Cool season rarely drops below 10°C. In the hot season, it rarely exceeds 32°C. The choice of this city for the implementation of this type of building is not random, indeed, the climate of this city is very favorable to the implementation of eco buildings. The building materials used in the architecture of this building is cheap in this city. The deficits and power cuts are regularly observed in this city. The popularization of this building throughout the country can help the government to solve this problem.

**5**

**Figure 1.** *Studied building.*

*Net Zero Energy Buildings and Low Carbon Emission, a Case of Study of Madagascar Island*

The different outdoor weather data of the last 15 years of Antananarivo are downloaded with the Meteonorm software and applied to this study. The Meteonorm software is one of the world's best meteorological software that allows you to connect in a few minutes to a meteorological station of the city you are looking for or to the nearest city and to download the climatic data specific to this city. The output data can be recorded on several types of freely selected formats.

The different comfort parameters are evaluated in this study with the Design Builder software. It is possible to calculate the operating temperature of the building (uniform temperature). We evaluated the PMV (Predicted Mean Votes) of Fanger, Kansas and Pierce. Comfort hours are assessed based on ASHRAE recommendations with 90% occupant acceptability, CEN15251 Category I, II and III.

The building evaluated is a family house spread over an area of 273 m2, and consists of: three bedrooms, shower, living room and kitchen, occupied by 5 people.

**Table 1** showed the different characteristics of materials applied in this building.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90854*

**2.2. Climate parameters**

**2.3. Comfort parameters**

**2.4. Description of building**

The modeling of the building is shown in **Figure 1**.

*Net Zero Energy Buildings and Low Carbon Emission, a Case of Study of Madagascar Island DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90854*
