**1. Introduction**

The Internet of Things, or IoT in English, is a tool created by the advances in Information and Communication Technologies. This technology can be adapted to a myriad of industrial processes. It also allows integrating a processing, storage and communication system between physical objects in a city that are connected to each other. Using sensors, the Internet of Things makes it possible to collect data in a simple way and for example send alerts if something does not work correctly. The potential of the Internet of Things is in the use of another tool of digital transformation: Big Data. An essential technology to facilitate decision-making based on the data collected.

Every time we live in a more interconnected world. The number of connected devices has been growing exorbitantly globally as technological improvements and cost reductions in wireless communications have enabled businesses, manufacturers, industries and smart cities to connect their products to the Internet of Things (IoT).

In this sense, citizens have at our supply a wide range of services that can make everyday life easier. There are numerous architectures to deploy IoT platforms in different contexts and levels, such as within the home, healthcare, business, municipal, national or even global level. The most direct impact on the lives of citizens involves our cities and interconnects people and services, in short, it transforms a city into a Smart City [1].

The "Smart City" or "SmartCity" can be seen as an instrumented, interconnected and intelligent urban ecosystem. Instrumented refers to the ability to capture and integrate real-time data on city life through the use of sensors and mobile devices (IoT technology). Interconnected means the integration of these data in an urban computing platform that allows the communication of said information between the various services of the city. Smart refers to the integration of complex analytics, modeling, optimization and visualization of services to make better operational decisions for the city.

Today there is an analysis of assistive technology services, according to the class and subclass of assistive technology products formulated. Therefore, there are assistive technology devices or products that are classified according to Smith [2], who presents high technology (high-tech) versus low technology. High technology refers to devices that are made up of electronic devices or that are not for everyday use today. This type of technology, having an exotic appearance, represents the idea of what people understand by technology; Examples are cell phones, electronic agendas, magnetic resonance imaging devices, positron emission tomography, bio-feed-back and neuropros theses [3, 4]. On the other hand, there is low technology, which includes less complex, more common devices with mechanical or electrical drive; here we can mention home appliances, calculators, manual wheelchairs, canes and splints (Ríos et al., 2007).

IoT technology is essential for the operation of the Smart City, through sensors in charge of collecting data on the state of the city and subsequently disseminating them among citizens. IoT consists of allowing things to connect to the Internet, this achieves the generation of information, and the interaction of the physical world with the virtual world [5]. Regarding the number of things connected, the evolution of this field is observed from 2015 to 2020. In 2020 the figure of 31 billion is reached worldwide and a value of more than one billion US dollars per year is projected from 2017 [6].

Defining assistive technology products according to their level or degree of technology is important, since the costs generated by their formulation; adaptation and training vary significantly between one group and another. For this reason, in the classification below, devices that are considered high-tech have been marked with an asterisk. Obviously, as technological development is so accelerated, many devices that are considered high-tech at the moment, in a few years may be considered low-tech, such as:


The IoT is of great importance being the first real evolution of the Internet; considered as a great leap that will lead to revolutionary applications that have the potential to significantly improve the way of living, learning, working and entertaining people [7].

The problem faced by older adults in wheelchairs is presented in two fundamental aspects such as health: presence of underlying tissue called pressure ulcers, as they remain in the same part of the body for a long time; Dermatitis that also responds to a lesion on the skin as a sequel to fecal and/or urinary incontinence; the lack of control of the supply of drugs in the time allocated; as well as the inadequate programming of the doctor's assistance for the control check-up and mobility in aspects such as: dependence to go from one place to another, obstacles impossible to overcome, going up or down steps with the wheelchair, among others.

These lead to family members or friends being concerned about the quality of life of their family member and on many occasions they go to the care of nurses or hospitalizations that what they do is affect the mood and health of the person at high costs for some of their relatives [8].

In **Figure 1**, the previous situation is observed, in terms of internal or external mobility of adults who are in wheelchairs. There it is visualized that at a given moment they do not know what to do or who to call, they only have to wait for their relatives or friends to help them in this regard.

Due to this problem, the following research question arises: How to contribute to improving the quality of life conditions and reduce the risk situations that the

#### **Figure 1.**

*Situation of the elderly to achieve the ascent and descent of the stairs. Source: Authors.*

elderly who are bedridden in a wheelchair may present, enabling timely attention, their care of permanent form and your independent mobility? Risk situations can be prevented with viable technological solutions such as an Architecture of a Telemonitoring System for Older Adults, which can improve the quality of life of older adults, since it will not only have benefits for them, it will also allow them to your family members feel calm and safe, because they will have a reliable way of verifying the state in which their loved ones are.

The objective of the study is to manage a monitoring service for the health and mobility of older adults who are bedridden in a wheelchair through Internet of Things (IoT) technology with the use of sensors for the detection of data, internet for the transmission of these and a mobile or web application for the visualization of the information, in order to support the prevention of new diseases and control the diseases that the elderly already suffer and at the same time achieve their independent mobility inside and outside your room.
