**1.2 Smart manufacturing**

The industrial revolution is represented by the technological and scientific breakthroughs in which automatic machinery replaces labor, and production and operation in the factory are replaced by manual labor production lines. An important evolution in the structure of the industrial economy that can allow personnel production can change the overall economic dimension. **Figure 1** shows the evolution from Industry 1.0 to Industry 4.0 [5].

The development of intelligent manufacturing technology revolution is to integrate CPS into fiercely competitive technologies, including physical phenomena, to


**Table 1.** *Six characteristics of smart cities.* *Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

**Figure 1.** *Industry 1.0 to industry 4.0 evolution.*

digitize physical (virtual) technology, Internet of Things (IoT), etc., and to develop necessary adaptability, resource integration efficiency and ergonomics The smart factory learned can also contact industry professionals in the manufacturing process and commercial value manufacturing process, innovative products, and customerspecific supply service functions.

There are five main levels of intelligent manufacturing automation including field level, programmable logic controller (PLC), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA/HMI) and mechanical equipment preventive sensing function manufacturing execution system (MES), enterprise resources planning (ERP) has become an optimized and integrated smart factory in the cloud [6, 7].

To build a smart factory based on the production process, the production machines must be intelligently optimized to improve efficiency, and the smart optimized system must be strengthened to assist in the deployment and application as shown in **Table 2**.


### **1.3 CPSs and IoT**

Two important production line manufacturing process environments for Industry 4.0 are machine-to-machine (M2M) communication and IoT. Strengthening CPS is the main key skill to integrate manufacturing and service value chains.

CPS is a collective model for evaluating the calculation process. These mass communication platforms that use collectives are absorbed as independent individuals. From miniature sensors in the environment to large data storage physical systems to detect the input process. Through various communication and information technologies, CPS provides users with security application access and support, service and data sharing privileges [8–10].

CPS will serially connect different physical evaluation computing facilities and processing components in a distributed environment, which can confirm the direction of user-centric applications and forward data and analysis to share. In addition to processing and execution capabilities, CPS can provide the best communication performance to support services, thereby supporting the sharing of information and data between users and facilities in different locations. In accordance with the use of mutual controllability, the properties and stability can be stretched and shortened to improve the reliability, service and performance of user applications, the CPS that evaluates and calculates tightness has been deployed in a large environment. In the CPS system, the physical network platform collected by the best method can be used to implement the resource co-allocation and communication security sharing in the production system and manufacturing, smart city transportation system and e-commerce. The current situation of smart cities is to provide people with the most practical and preferential sharing and communication services anytime, anywhere. The smart living environment integrates ICT and people as a whole [11–13].

For the smart city database environment with large amounts of data, it is necessary to immediately query various resources and execute processing to share aspects. These aspects require the use of many well-known technical capabilities to operate and manage. The CPS collection and synthesis in the smart city living environment enhances optimized user management to obtain applications and resources through distributed operation processing. Through the distribution of various resources from the distributed intelligent living environment, to meet the needs of users of different classes. Distributed living environments include multiple technologies, such as mobile edge computing, fog, and Internet of Things (IoT) clouds. These are examples of physical technologies. The CPS in the smart city has been deployed to inherit various technologies and resources. In the shared manual and resource allocation, it is a distributed smart environment to improve the reliability of applications and services. A process of multi-agent sharing and resource distribution is proposed. The agency skills in resource distribution and sharing have been widely used in various processes to reduce time and complexity [14, 15].

Provide distributed and combined execution for the structure and system of the agent to enhance the reliability of the system. For the agent's architecture and system to provide distributed and combined execution processing to enhance the system's reliable program. As described above, the complex processing and distributed purchase model implemented by CPS are used to process various resources sharing, distribution, and adjustment between users. In order to meet the increasing consulting needs of users and the requirements of facility setting density, it is necessary to perform optimal distribution and adjustment of data in a distributed smart living environment. CPS is based on the distribution of distribution storage resources and evaluation calculations from the distributed intelligent living environment, relying on sending and combining processing to provide services for user consultation and immediate response. The overall service provider level of resource

#### *Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

reflection and collaborative perception, request execution, access control and adjustment levels are all stored in CPS. Distributed computing is jointly used by CPS, virtualized, and shared the best advantages of inspection and physical sensing to meet user requirements. In this kind of smart environment, the degree of resource distribution and adjustment is for the use of a dedicated operation process to build a purchase model to execute a management service platform [16, 17].

Reduce errors in the data sharing of smart telecommunication networks; it is necessary to provide a message transmission and playback classification framework. The use of collection and synthesis networks and telecommunication networks reduces the failure of data distribution and sending applications. Certain scholars developed a diagnostic system (FDDS) and model-free fault detection, used in a large number of cyber- physical systems. This communication isolation can be enhanced by performing autonomous learning on the temporal and spatial reasons of CPS. Elshenawy et al. research and develop the collection and synthesis of intelligent transportation systems used in smart cities and assist in adjusting the support structure. This architecture uses speech knowledge to display, establish a model for the collection and synthesis service operation and collection and synthesis service planning, and use the operation traffic adjustment degree and service demand in this in-vehicle application. Liu et al. in CPS, an event-driven tree model is adopted to improve faults [18–20].

In the distributed intelligent environment, the fault problem is handled according to the sorting process. The purpose of this study is to extend the hesitation model and the Internet network series model. The prevention evaluation calculation has been used for mitigation resolution and fault handling detection. This method can improve the accuracy of detecting the fault range. Past introduced a distributed computing model (DCMSP) for shared processing. Identifying the distribution task and estimating the terminal are the most important tasks of this operational model. According to the terminal's efficiency, it assists in dispatching and dispatching tasks [18–20].

Past research use CPS low-power wide area network (LPWAN) to manage radio resources. The analysis of the transmission model, according to the needs of a large number of CPS, executes the distribution of resources. Distributed CPS can effectively support two-way operation data conversion between LPWAN and extended cloud. The assimilation platform and related technologies perform the forwarding, exchange and processing of user codes. The scheduling model is used in the actual status control roles defined by the priority level. This model is suitable for pre-measurement of the model and online monitoring visits to establish a framework to solve scheduling and execution issues. The evaluation model closes the gap between physics and the network space to optimize the integration level of the estimation process. With bilateral directional quantification and network analysis, the performance of the network system can be counted. Past introduces a system (UPES-CPS) that applies a unified process to execute CPS to solve the work flow in actual data processing. The imported system can communicate, exchange and select through collection and synthesis services, and perform various texture operations with reliability. The virtual machine scheduling (QVMS), use promotion cloud system to assist CPS performance [21–24].

#### **2. Methodology and study procedure**

#### **2.1 Smart cities physical system framework of agent-based cyber**

The agency CPS is specifically designed to allow smart city resources to share and provide seamless services. Through CPS, users' applications and seamlessly

integrated services are shared. Through the agent efficiency technology, it is endowed with the functional requirements of the synchronization of the smart city and the resource management of the user decentralization. It is proposed that for the agency CPS architecture, distributed task distribution and data resources can be used to manage efficiency. In the next section, you need to understand first, first explain this architecture. The agent-oriented architecture has been developed as an intermediate component between the platform layer and the application program, which can provide better interoperability. The intermediate component is composed of various agents, for example, the degree of adjustment of the visit control machine, the program of the resource management processor, etc. An agent is an integrated or mini program of applicable rules. This agent obtains the hardware and software of the facility that must be connected to the decision. In this architecture, the agents described above must be considered to solve the function of sharing and distributing the service resources of the data source together. Therefore, the intermediate component research and development concentric CPS specializes in serving in the smart city living environment. The CPS architecture of the agent is shown in **Figure 2** [9, 25, 26].

For intermediate components, the protection agent repository collects and generates agent processes, can provide reliable services to respond and can operate the application level to handle users. The agent is a context sensor developed with multiple functions to execute the model building. The multi-functional R&D design allows consulting agents to execute consultations and respond to actual cases in different time. But it can only pass when the agent needs to be released from the distribution process. Distribute to responding agents and consulting operations to exchange with the RM platform level. Therefore, the exchange of agents is of different levels, but it also handles multiple interruptions in the services of the user's smart city living environment. Agency performance technology assists in the implementation of multiple consultations on re-downloading functions and distribution methods. Unlike the conventional consulting execution system, this architecture focuses on the degree of adjustment and resource distribution. Since the agency operates in a combined delivery and distribution method, this process is already optimized for joint [27–32].

**Figure 2.** *CPS of agent-based.*

*Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

### **2.2 Problem formation**

The command *ρi,j* represents the probability that user *i* has been assigned agent *j*, then

$$\rho\_{ij} = \begin{cases} 1, \text{if } i^{th} \text{ user is assigned with } j^{th} \text{ resource} \\\\ 0, & \text{otherwise.} \end{cases} \tag{1}$$
 
$$\text{such that} $$
 
$$f(x) = \min\left\{ t \cup q\_d \right\}, \forall \rho\_{a(i,j)} = \mathbf{1}$$

In the formula (1), *f(x)* represents a linear combination, which represents t is delay and *qd* drops. If *ρij* = 1, let *qd* and *dq* become the maximum in the time interval *Δt.* The problem of using a proxy is an important goal, the definition is like below.

$$\frac{\sum\_{a \in A} \rho\_{i,j}^a}{|A|} < \rho\_{i,j} \le \sum\_{a \in A} \rho\_{i,j}^a, \forall i \in user \text{ and } j \in resource \text{ and } a \text{ connects i with } j \quad (2)$$

The meaning representative is that if the user's consultation is executed by the agent a ∈ *A*, then the user is used to distribute the resources. On the contrary, in a single process, an agent is distributed to the user to prevent the same agent from overloading the load, defined as like below.

$$\sum\_{i} \rho\_{ij}^{a} \le \mathbf{1} \forall j \in \mathbf{R} \&\, a \in \mathbf{A} \tag{3}$$

Let *R* represent the distribution and distribution of the *i th* user's valuable resource through the RM agent.

#### **2.3 Resource allocation**

The distribution of resources in the distributed intelligent environment is performed by the source of the database that does not require complicated execution and the largest connection. The commands *Pt* and *Δc* represent the processing execution time and the connection of *R* resources and the demand for first-in-firstout distribution. The execution time of processing of *Δc* and *R* are suitable for equation evaluation calculation. Formula (4) is show in below.

$$\begin{aligned} \mathbf{P}\_t &= \rho\_{i,j} \sum\_n (\mathbf{t}\_a - \mathbf{t}\_s) \\\\ \Delta \mathbf{c} &= \frac{\sigma\_n}{|n|} \end{aligned} \qquad \begin{aligned} \mathbf{v} &= \begin{bmatrix} \mathbf{v} \\\\ \mathbf{v} \end{bmatrix} \end{aligned} \tag{4}$$

The main *σn* is the activity consultation that can be noticed at *ta*, and at (*ta-ts*) is the time to search for services and acceptance. The service time is to search for the response through the distribution and distribution resources. The enhancement of resource distribution and distribution rate optimizes resource utilization. On the contrary, the search response will be affected by both *qd* and t. If *qd* is high, it will continue to destroy resources and increase downtime. The reduced quantity estimate is calculated as like below.

*Smart Cities - Their Framework and Applications*

$$q\_d = \left(\mathbf{1} - \frac{\Delta \mathbf{c}}{\mathbf{S}\_r}\right) + r\_a \left(\frac{\Delta \mathbf{c}}{\mathbf{S}\_r} - \frac{\mathbf{t}\_s}{\mathbf{t}}\right) \tag{5}$$

The *ra* is the search consultation arrival rate. The combined optimization uses a separate method to separate the linear display patterns classified into t and *qd*. Linear model display of *qd* show like below.

$$\mathcal{S}(\mathbf{o}) = -\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{x})\_{q\_d} + \mathbf{P}\_t \cdot \frac{\Delta \mathbf{c}}{\mathbf{S}\_r} \forall \begin{array}{l} i \in \text{quies} \ and \\ j \in \mathbf{R} \end{array} \tag{6}$$

The sequence of the formula (6) Relatively the system output *S(o)* is promoted and developed as like below.

$$\mathbf{S}(\boldsymbol{\sigma}) = -\begin{bmatrix} \mathbf{q}\_{d11} & \mathbf{q}\_{d12} & \dots & \mathbf{q}\_{d1j} \\ \mathbf{q}\_{d21} & \mathbf{q}\_{d22} & \dots & \\ \vdots & \vdots & & \mathbf{q}\_{d2j} \\ \mathbf{q}\_{d1} & \mathbf{q}\_{d12} & \dots & \mathbf{q}\_{dlj} \end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix} \mathbf{P}\_{t1} \\ \mathbf{P}\_{t2} \\ \vdots \\ \mathbf{P}\_{ti} \end{bmatrix} \frac{\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{S}\_r} \begin{bmatrix} \Delta \mathbf{c}\_1 \\ \Delta \mathbf{c}\_2 \\ \vdots \\ \Delta \mathbf{c}\_i \end{bmatrix}$$

$$\boldsymbol{\Psi} \frac{\mathbf{P}\_t}{(\mathbf{t}\_d - \mathbf{t}\_s)} \le \rho\_{\hat{\mathbf{y}}, \mathbf{S}\_r} \tag{7}$$

In the formula (7), the linear display of *S(o)* is simply **<sup>1</sup>** *Sr PtiΔci* � *qdij*. As stated earlier, in the formula (2) and (3) will allow users to control the load download of the limited agent when they are in different processes. This means that *qd***11**, *qd***22**, … *qdij* n o is the only collection of non-load downloads, show in below.

$$\mathbf{S}(\boldsymbol{\sigma}) = \begin{cases} -q\_{dij} + \frac{\mathbf{P}\_{ti}\Delta c\_{i}}{\mathbf{S}\_{r}}, \forall \frac{\mathbf{P}\_{t}}{(t\_{a} - \mathbf{t}\_{s})} < \rho\_{ij}, \mathbf{S}\_{r} \,\forall i = j \\\ -q\_{di+\mathbf{i}j} + \frac{\mathbf{P}\_{ti}\Delta c\_{i}}{\mathbf{S}\_{r}} \\\ -q\_{dij+1} + \frac{\mathbf{P}\_{ti}\Delta c\_{i}}{\mathbf{S}\_{r}} \end{cases}, \forall \frac{\mathbf{P}\_{t}}{(t\_{a} - \mathbf{t}\_{s})} < \rho\_{ij}, \mathbf{S}\_{r} \,\forall i \neq j \,\mathbf{S} \\\\ \mathbf{S}\_{r} = \mathbf{S}\_{r} + \mathbf{1} \end{cases} \tag{8}$$

From formula (7), it is shown that *Δci*\_i and *Pti* are available in the *Sr* and *Sr* þ **1** slots of *R*. Through the largest slot in *Sr* of, the *R* resource management component agent will connect to other information, intermediate component of CPS. Communication must be executed in *R* before it can be executed *Pt* ð Þ *ta*�*ts <sup>&</sup>gt; <sup>ρ</sup>ij:Sr*


In the formula, the information distribution process of the above two cases. (7) is shown in **Figure 3(a)** and **(b)**.

In response to the request of the access mark to identify the overload downloading agent process to obtain the overflow, it is necessary to perform the verification and verification of the information distribution process. The structure shown in **Figures 2** and **3** analyzes this information distribution and distribution. In **Figure 4(a)** and **(b)**, the progress process overload download has been divided into *Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

**Figure 3.** *(a).* i=j *condition* (w.r.t qdij). *(b).* i6¼ j *condition* (w.r.t qdij).

separate categories to prevent *qd*. If resource distribution is not seamless, *qd* cannot be restricted by control. Relative to *t*, the system output is linearized, for example in the formula (9)

$$\mathbf{S}(\boldsymbol{\sigma}) = \frac{\mathbf{S}\_r}{(\mathbf{t}\_d - \mathbf{t}\_s)} + \frac{\rho\_{ij}\mathbf{a}}{\mathbf{t}} \tag{9}$$

Such as formula (10) is the expansion in the below.

$$S(o) = S\_r \begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ \hline t\_{a\_1} - t\_{s\_1} \\ 1 \\ \hline t\_{a\_1} - t\_{s\_1} \\ \vdots \\ \hline 1 \\ \hline t\_{a\_i} - t\_{s\_i} \end{bmatrix} + \rho\_{ij} \begin{pmatrix} a\_1 \\ \vdots \\ a\_2 \\ \hline \vdots \\ \vdots \\ a\_i \end{pmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \\ \hline 1 & 1 & 1 \\ t\_{21} & t\_{22} & t\_{2j} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots \\ t\_{i1} & t\_{i2} & t\_{ij} \end{bmatrix} \tag{10}$$

#### **Figure 4.**

*(a).* Average resource utilization vs. queries. *(b).* Average resource utilization vs. time.

As mentioned earlier, new resources are distributed and distributed to the overloaded downloading agents.

$$\mathbf{S}(\boldsymbol{\sigma}) = \begin{cases} \frac{\mathbf{S}\_r}{(\mathbf{t}\_{a\_i} - \mathbf{t}\_{s\_i})} + \rho\_{ij} \frac{a\_i}{\mathbf{t}\_{ij}}, \text{if } i = j\\ \frac{\mathbf{S}\_r}{(\mathbf{t}\_{a\_i} - \mathbf{t}\_{s\_{i+1}})} + \rho\_{ij} \frac{a\_i}{\mathbf{P}\_t + \mathbf{t}\_{ij}}, \text{if } i \neq j \end{cases} \tag{11}$$

The output from the formula (11), the optimization requirements in the formula (1) If the classification reflects the conditions of *t* and *qd* for *i=j* and *i* 6¼ *j* condition, then formula (2) and (3) are met. The illustration of *S o*ð Þ for t and *tai* � *tsi* ð Þ is shown in **Figures 1** and **2**, as shown in **Figure 5(a)** and **(b)**.

From this point of view, the equations solved can be used to check and verify the conditions for optimal distribution in formula (8) and (11),

$$\frac{\mathbf{P}\_{t\_i}\Delta c\_i}{\mathbf{S}\_r} - q\_{d\_{ij}} = \frac{\mathbf{S}\_r}{(\mathbf{t}\_{a\_i} - \mathbf{t}\_{s\_i})} + \rho\_{ij}\frac{a\_i}{\mathbf{t}\_{ij}}, \forall \forall i = j$$

$$\frac{\mathbf{P}\_{t\_i}\Delta c\_i}{\mathbf{S}\_r} - q\_{d\_{ij+1}} = \frac{\mathbf{S}\_r + \mathbf{1}}{(\mathbf{t}\_{a\_i} - \mathbf{t}\_{s\_{i+1}})} + \rho\_{ij}\frac{a\_i}{\sum \mathbf{P}\_{t\_R} + \mathbf{t}\_{ij}}, \forall \forall \ i \neq j \tag{12}$$

In the formula (12), the first condition meets the non-loaded download search, and the second condition shows the loaded download search. The search and

*Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

**Figure 5.** *(a).* i = j condition (w.r.tPt). *(b).* i 6¼ j *condition* (w.r.tPt).

distribution under heavy load will have new *a*∈ *A* and *R*, which will gradually increase *Sr*. The same via *ts* (through combined sending execution, *PtR* ¼ *ts*, therefore,

$$\begin{aligned} \sum \mathbf{P\_{t\_R}} + \mathbf{t\_{ij}} &= \sum \mathbf{t\_s} + \mathbf{t\_{ij}} \\ \sum \mathbf{t\_s} + (\mathbf{t\_{at}} - \mathbf{t\_s})(\mathbf{n} - \mathbf{k})\mathbf{t\_s} - \mathbf{t\_a} \end{aligned} \qquad\tag{13}$$

It is the time to perform *k* searches for overload download. By identifying *qd* to maximize the feasible and available *R* in *ta*, the downtime can be reduced. The downtime observed in the proposed architecture will be compared with the current job execution in **Figure 6(a)** and **(b)**.

#### **2.4 Scheduling of query response**

RM and AC are responsible for resource information management through distribution. The other item, AC and adjustment level is the response to the user scheduling search consultation. The model for CPS has been established as intermediate component architecture, so the response will be provided as needed. The agent will complete the task and continue to release it to enable users to search and

**Figure 6.** *(a).* Queries vs. down time. *(b).* Time vs. down time.

distribute intelligent resources. Under the response, storage management is a challenging process, because the response can be used to obtain different large and small data messages. The optimized method is to use storage to help limit the response beyond the limit and prolong the hesitation. Therefore, the joint combination of AC and SR has been designed and developed to respond with an optimized method that uses available storage to distribute and distribute.

The adjustment level of this setting is different from the conventional first-in first-out process, because the searched *ta* and *Pt* will vary with the user. From this time on, the agent will enhance the utilization efficiency of *t* storage. For all *n* requirements for distribution, the response waiting time is evaluated as *t* þ *Pt* (minimum value) and *t* þ ½ � ð Þ *n* � *k ts* � *ta* (maximum value). The criteria in formula (1) need to be considered; you can evaluate and calculate the maximum value response waiting time. Seamless is the resource information supply, through the *Sr* or *Sr* þ **1** slot to distribute and distribute *t* þ *Pt* **or** *t* þ ½ð Þ *n* þ *k ts* � *ta***].** The final evaluation calculation Search execution. The successful completion of the framework is evaluated and calculated based on the response time and storage utilization efficiency. Storage is a linear, first-in-go, first-out search system, where the first entry (response message) is based on the verification time ð Þ *tv* for confirmation. Therefore, storage must first conform to the *tv* ¼ *t* þ *Pt*∀*i* ¼ *j* **and** *tv* ¼ *t* þ ½ Þ ð Þ *n* � *k ts* � *ta* ∀*i* 6¼ *j* of the agent distribution. Therefore, the linear model for t in

*Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

formula (9)–(11) must be considered to optimize storage utilization efficiency. Let *Ss* display put into <sup>0</sup> *m*<sup>0</sup> fan-shaped area to use the storage size and quantity of storage utilization efficiency is affected, causing response time delay. To deal with this problem, the response adjustment degree and storage utilization efficiency are modeled for the least amount of free time. In this architecture, regular idle time scheduling is not used. To meet the purpose of formula (1), the repeated stacking time is analyzed on the basis of the interval, and the equation of the model is established under the coordination of *ta* and *ts*, and the model is established for the idle time *tsi* . A comparison will be made in **Figures 1** and **2** for different search and time scenarios. See **Figure 7(a)** and **(b)** respectively.

Use formula (14) to evaluate and calculate the response schedule time ð Þ *tdis* like below.

**Figure 7.** *(a).* Storage utilization vs. queries. *(b).* Storage utilization vs. time.

*Smart Cities - Their Framework and Applications*

$$\mathbf{t}\_{dis} = \mathbf{P}\_t - \mathbf{t}\_a, \forall i = j \text{ and } i \neq j \tag{14}$$

When using *Sr* and *Sr* þ **1** to reflect the search query to *R*, the scheduling time will be different. The sub-categories consulted for *ta* and *k* � *ta* have been identified as formula (15) that provides a linear distribution *τta* ð Þ.

$$\tau\_{t\_a} = \frac{1}{\mathcal{S}\_r} \left[ \int\_0^k r\_d P\_t dt + \int\_k^n r\_d (P\_t + t) dt \right] \tag{15}$$

Among them, one level Ð *<sup>k</sup>* **<sup>0</sup>** *raPtdt* provides services through the available *Sr* time gap, so *<sup>t</sup>* <sup>þ</sup> *Pt* <sup>≤</sup>*tv*. On the contrary, the second level <sup>Ð</sup> *<sup>n</sup> <sup>k</sup> ra*ð Þ *Pt* þ *t dt* cannot meet the requirements of *tv*, so the classification must be able to have a better degree of adjustment. Within the time of ð Þ *k* � *ta* , the second-level derivative of *τta* should be activated, and *Pt*ð Þþ *<sup>n</sup>* � *<sup>k</sup>* <sup>P</sup>*<sup>t</sup>* will be regarded as prolonged hesitation. In this case, it can be confirmed that at least ð Þ *n* � *k* storage space *Ss* can be used to receive information responses, and the capacity in the storage space can be considered. If it is to perform virtualization/replication ð Þ *n* � *k* , the distributed nature of CPS will provide more information than that. For the estimated time, the information in *Pt* used to analyze the allocated demand in *ta* can be applied. Therefore, the linear form of formula (8) with *i* 6¼ *j* has been modified to

$$\frac{a}{S\_r} - \Delta = \frac{S\_r + \mathbf{1}}{\left(t\_{d\_i} - t\_{t\_{i+1}}\right)} + \frac{\rho\_{ij} a\_i}{\sum P\_{t\_R} + t\_{ij}} \Bigg\} \tag{16}$$
 
$$where, \alpha = P\_{t\bar{i}} \Delta c\_i \text{ and } \Delta = q\_{d\_{\bar{i}+1}} \Bigg\} \tag{16}$$

From formula (15) and (16) the linear class is only given to the second class, such that

$$\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{\mathcal{S}\_r} \mathbf{r}\_{t\_a}(\mathbf{a}, \boldsymbol{\Delta}) &= \frac{1}{\mathcal{S}\_r} \Bigg\prime r\_a(\mathbf{P}\_t + \mathbf{t}) dt \\ \mathbf{r}\_{t\_a}(\mathbf{a}, \boldsymbol{\Delta}) &= \prod\_k r\_a(\mathbf{P}\_t + \mathbf{t}) dt \end{aligned} \tag{17}$$

As mentioned above, as in formula (13), *Pt* and *t* need to be used instead like below.

$$\pi\_{t\_a}(\boldsymbol{a}, \boldsymbol{\Delta}) = \int\_{\boldsymbol{k}}^{\boldsymbol{n}} r\_d [(\boldsymbol{n} - \boldsymbol{k})\mathbf{t}\_s - \mathbf{t}\_a + \mathbf{t}\_a - \mathbf{t}\_s] \, d\mathbf{t} \tag{18}$$

$$=\int\_{k}^{n} r\_{a}[t\_{t}(n-k-1)]dt\tag{19}$$

The time obtained from formula (19) is the maximum response to prolong hesitation, so that ð Þ *Pt* þ *t* ≤ ð Þ *α*, *Δ <* ½ð Þ *n* � *k ts* � *ta*� þ *t*. All the executed secondlevel consultation searches must meet this requirement. Therefore, *tdis* ¼ *ts* � *ta* � *ta* ¼ *ts* � **2***ta* is the execution time of the second level of the opening action. Therefore, the degree of adjustment is outside the time ½ Þ *n* � *k ts* � *ta*�ð Þ *ts* � **2***ta* and is processed in time, which can reduce the waiting time for users to *Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94553*

reserve when responding to inquiries. In the end, the overall proposal will be compared with the current situation discussed in the previous section for the overall proposal for the perceived waiting time in the agent structure, and the consultation search and time have been changed (see **Figure 8(a)** and **(b)**) . Comparison and analysis have represented the proposed architecture by limiting the response time control to ð Þ *ts* � **2***ta* , and set aside to extend the delay ½ð Þ *n* � *k ts* � *ta*� þ *t* has been limited.

Through the deployment of smart cities at different levels, users (in terms of application categories) are used to analyze the performance of the proxy CPS architecture using the OPNET simulator. The application scenarios need to include voice, multimedia, database and Http harsh users. The size and capacity of the application varies from 100Kb to 5 Mb, and it executes requests from users in the form of consulting queries. CPS has been deployed as an intermediate component that utilizes cloud and various other communication performance technologies. In **Table 3**, a detailed explanation and analysis of the settings and their values in the experiment are presented.

As mentioned in the foregoing, we have compared the downtime, resource utilization efficiency, storage utilization efficiency and response time of the

**Figure 8.** *(a).* Response time vs. queries. (b). Response time vs. queries.


#### **Table 3.**

*Experimental parameters and values.*


#### **Table 4.**

*Comparison and analysis of various query searches.*


#### **Table 5.**

*Different time comparison analysis.*

proposed architecture to measure the degree of execution. In the comparison performed, it has been considered that the current way DCPSM, UPES-CPS and QVMS are regarded as indicators. In **Tables 4** and **5**, the results of comparative analysis for various different queries and time have been listed.
