**1. Introduction**

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a naturally arising gas by the method of photosynthesis into organic matter. A derivative of fossil fuel ignition and biomass burning, it is also released from the changes in the use of lands and other industrial activities. Earth's radiative stability is continuously disturbed primarily by carbon di oxide. CO2 is considered to be a reference gas for the measurement of other greenhouse gases and thus having a Global Warming Potential of 1. The rate of global warming increase is because of the climate change and escalation in the concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

This is because of the increase in the custom of using carbon based fuels especially in the present modern world. CO2 is also a key cause of marine acidification as it softens in water to produce carbonic acid. The earth's radiative balance gets disturbed because of the continuous addition of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As a result, we observe an increase in the earth's surface temperature and extreme changes in climate, rise in sea levels, and harmful effects on world agriculture. Since the past two decades, global emissions of carbon dioxide have risen by 99%, or on an average 2.0% for a year, and it is expected to rise by another 45% by the end of 2030, or increase in the rate of 1.6% per year.
