**Author details**

*Perovskite and Piezoelectric Materials*

**4. Conclusion**

*calculated by Eqs. (1) and (2).*

**Table 3.**

structure phases with addition of ZnO nanoparticles could induce the difference in

*Volume fraction of tetragonal and rhombohedral phases for BCZT and BCZT/0.15 materials sintered at 1450°C* 

**Material Tetragonal volume fraction Rhombohedral volume fraction**

BCZT/0.15 63.7% 36.3% BCZT/0.00 71.7% 29.3%

The addition of ZnO nanoparticles with grain size of 59 nm has aided to successfully synthesize the BCZT/x ceramics at a relatively low sintering temperature of 1350°C. The added ZnO particles in nanoscale influenced the relaxor ferroelectric phase change of the materials. As a result, BCZT/0.15 composition possessed the highest diffuseness characteristic. Remanent polarization was improved and

went up continuously under increasing doping concentration. The ZnO addition has also improved the quality of the piezoelectric material, and best quality was observed for BCZT/0.15 composition, given that the values of d33, d31, kp, kt, and k33 are 420, −174, 0.483, 0.423, and 0.571 pC/N, respectively. The obtained results suggested that the lead-free BCZT/x material could be an expected lead-free piezoelec-

Besides, the influence of sintering temperature on structure, microstructure, and some piezoelectric parameters of BCZT/0.15 sample was examined. As the sintering temperature increased, improved sintering behavior and very high piezoelectric properties of d33 = 576 pC/N and kp = 0.55 were obtained for the sample sintered at 1450°C. As a comparison, corresponded properties of BCZT without ZnO nanoparticles or BCZT/0.00 specimen were investigated. The received results show that sintering behavior and some piezo-parameters of BCZT/0.15 samples are better than that of BCZT/0.00 samples at each sintering temperature. Especially, the difference in properties for samples sintered at 1450°C is attributed to competi-

This work was carried out in the framework of the National Project in Physics

at x = 0.15, whereas the coercive field

piezoelectric response for BCZT/0.00 and BCZT/0.15 samples.

reached to a maximum value of 6.19 μC/cm2

tion between structure phases occurred in materials.

Program until 2020 under no. ĐTĐLCN.10/18.

tric ceramic for applications.

**Acknowledgements**

**152**

Dang Anh Tuan1 , Vo Thanh Tung2 \*, Le Tran Uyen Tu<sup>2</sup> and Truong Van Chuong2

1 Ha Nam Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Vietnam

2 University of Sciences, Hue University, Vietnam

\*Address all correspondence to: vttung@hueuni.edu.vn

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
