**5. Conclusions**

The advent of improved communication, sensing and control in modern day vehicles and infrastructure creates a lot of opportunities to improve the efficiency and safety in many highway processes. Key areas of interest involve traffic routing and management, optimal highway merging and intelligent overtaking behaviours. This chapter examined some of the methods used in these areas and discussed the various improvements and shortcomings of each of them. The implementation of the algorithms discussed in this chapter, would lead to modern transportation systems becoming more effective, productive and safe. While there are many other methods worthy of merit not discussed in this chapter, the areas covered should give the reader a broad understanding of the extent of possibilities in this field and also spark further thinking which may lead to the generation of innovative new solutions.

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