Tribological Assessments

**3**

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

Liquids

*Sumit Kumar Panja*

Tribological Properties of Ionic

Our main focus is to report the tribological properties of ionic liquids (ILs). Mainly, lubricating of ILs has been reported to understand the applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) in petroleum-based lubricant industry and energy conversion process as oil additive. The influence of counter parts of ILs on tribological property has been reported for designing efficient lubricating and oil-additive property of ILs. The effect of halogenated and nonhalogenated ILs on corrosion is also reported during tribological studies at different metal surface. Further, role of ILs as oiladditive has been discussed in terms of better tribological performance. Structure modification and role of anion on better performance of tribological property have been mentioned for enhancing effectiveness of lubricant and oil-additive properties. Origin of corrosion and thin film formation on metal surface are also discussed

in detailed using different types of ILs and metal surfaces.

nonhalogenated ILs, lubricant, corrosion

**1. Introduction**

modifiers.

**Keywords:** ionic liquids (ILs), tribological properties, halogenated and

Lubricants are very important materials for human and society due to their applications from "mobility" in ancient era to durability in modern times and then most recently in enhancement of "energy efficiency process". Petroleum-based lubricants are popular and used as the standard materials in transportation, manufacturing, and power generation industries etc. [1]. From economic point of view, 1.0–1.4% of a country's GDP may be achieved through lubrication R&D, which has provoked the relentless quest of advances in lubricants in order to increase both energy efficiency and durability [2]. Generally, commercial lubricant contains a combination of base oils and additives including antioxidants, detergents, dispersants, friction modifiers, antiwear and/or extreme-pressure additives, and viscosity

As energy and environment play an important role in our life, there need for energy efficient systems, and utilization/conversion of energy in environmentally benign practices have been increasing immensely because of high volatility in fuel prices, stringent environmental regulations and global awareness on the sustainability of fuels. High fuel consumption is arisen due to high friction and wear in the transportation system during energy conversion process [3, 4]. Due to high friction and wear, failure of engine parts is often happened with large amount of discharge of partially oxidized fuels and greenhouse gas emission etc. For reducing
