**3. Conclusion**

*Tribology in Materials and Manufacturing - Wear, Friction and Lubrication*

heating results in extensive melting, solidification, surface corrosion, phase changes and hardness changes, and sometimes ablation of metal can be occurred. This arcing creates the higher craters and after sliding either fracture or shears the material lip, causing the three-body abrasion, surface fatigue, corrosion and fretting. Arcing may create the many type of wear mode and resulting catastrophic

*Macropicture of electrochemical corrosion testing setup (a) and corroded micrograph with layer formation (b).*

**198**

**Figure 12.**

failure in the electrical equipment's [30].

In this chapter, the fundamentals of tribology, friction, lubrication, and types of wear and mechanism are briefly described. The friction and wear are mainly dependent on the characteristics of two sliding surfaces. The metals such as titanium, cobalt, and magnesium with an hcp (hexagonal closed packed) crystal lattice provide the coefficient of friction of nearly 0.5, while sliding against themselves. In the case of steel, the coefficient of friction value is around 0.6–0.8 while using two steel alloys, i.e., which is lesser than that of the pure steel-steel pairs. Further, the alumina balls sliding on the alumina surface and the friction showed around 0.4. The friction coefficient in ceramics material with dry atmosphere is lesser around 0.3 to 0.7 while applying the minimum load with less than 200°C temperature. The polymer material friction coefficient ranges from 0.2 to 1 while sliding in dry condition. Besides, the solid lubricant, such as solid film and powder, was used to protect the sliding surface from the unexpected damages during the sliding process and reduce the wear rate and coefficient of friction. Wear is defined as material removal or surface damage on the one or two surfaces while rolling, sliding or impact motion relative to one another. Particularly, the wear happens through surface interactions at asperities. Therefore, the wear characteristic must be taken into account while performing the sliding wear processes in mechanical components.
