**Author details**

*Hydrology*

**Contemporary times (1900-present)**

1907 Hugo Hildebrand Hildebrandsson (1838–1925) published his book entitled

1922 Lewis Fry Richardson used numerical methods to forecast air temperature

1950 Jule Charney ran his meteorological algorithms by a computer called the

1979 The first real-time medium-range forecasting model was developed by the

1988 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was founded by the

1990's The NWS was modernized. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)

2002 The Aviation Model (AVN) was created for short-range weather forecasting.

2015 A new generation of supercomputers with the ability to perform over 10,000 trillion calculations per second was developed.

*Milestones in hydrometeorology in the (1) prehistoric times (ca 3500–750 BC), (2) historical to medieval times (ca 750 BC-1400 AD), (3) early and mid-modern times (ca 1400–1800), (4) modern times (1800–1900), and* 

Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer (ENIAC)

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)

This model, called the Global Forecasting System (GFS), is the leading

1920's Concepts of air masses and fronts were formulated by the Norwegian

cyclones, which is still in use today 1921 Hydrometeorological Center of Russia was formed in Moscow 1921 The first weather radio broadcasts were made in the US

1941 The US broadcasted the first TV program on weather forecast

1954 The first radar weather station was built in New Orleans, the US 1959 The Met Office created a computer (called Meteor), which was able to conduct 30,000 calculations every second 1960 The first weather satellite, called the Thermal Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS), was launched by the US

and humidity

1970's NASA lunched geosynchronous weather satellites

United Nation

Model was developed.

forecasting model in the US.

*International Cloud Atlas* and developed seasonal forecasts of clouds

meteorologists. They developed a theory for the evolution of mid-latitude

**18**

**Table A.***1.*

*(5) contemporary times (1900-present).*

Mohammad Valipour1 \*, Sayed M. Bateni1 , Nicolas R. Dalezios2 , Mansour Almazroui3 , Essam Heggy4,5, Zekai Şen3 and Andreas N. Angelakis6,7

1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

3 Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research/Department of Meteorology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

4 Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA

5 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

6 HAO-Demeter, Agricultural Research Institution of Crete, 71300, Iraklion, Greece

7 Union of Hellenic Water Supply and Sewerage Operators, 41222, Larissa, Greece

\*Address all correspondence to: valipour@hawaii.edu

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
