**3. Prevalence of WR and IWL after bariatric procedures**

WR following BS varies by the type of BS performed, whether restrictive or malabsorptive as outlined below.

#### **3.1 Laparoscopic gastric band (LAGB)**

A large prospective multicenter study in Sweden found that 10 years post LAGB, patients regained 38% of the maximal weight they lost post surgery [1]. Likewise, research at 10 US hospitals that assessed weight trajectories among 2348 participants including 610 LAGB patients reported 1.4% WR 3 to 7 years after surgery [22] (**Table 1**).

#### **3.2 Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)**

A systematic review of 21 studies reported WR rates post LSG ranging from 5.7% at 2 years to 76% over variable follow-up periods from (2 to 6 years) [3].

*Weight Regain and Insufficient Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery: A Call for Action DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94848*


#### **Table 1.**

*Prevalence of WR by type of BS.*

Other studies found that WR started three years after LSG [23]. At 5 years, WR (>10 kg) was observed in 39.5% of patients, where the EWL% decreased from 84.8% at one year to 57.3% after 5 years [23].

#### **3.3 Roux en Y gastric bypass (RYGB)**

Research among 1426 patients found that at 2 years, 17.1% regained >15% of their 1-year post-operative weight [24]. Others reported a 22.5% WR at 3 years and 26.8% at 5 years [9]. The Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) study observed 3.9% WR between 3 and 7 years post RYGB [22]. Others found that among 2965 patients, WR was 14.6% at 5 years post-surgery [25].
