Advance in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

*Xiaojie Cai, Jie Gao, Yanfang Liu, Ming Wang, Qiulian Ma, Aihua Gong, Dongqing Wang and Haitao Zhu*

### **Abstract**

Pancreatic carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the word wild. Although the advance in treatment this disease, the 5-years survival rate is still rather low. In the recent year, many new therapy and treatment avenues have been developed for pancreatic cancer. In this chapter, we mainly focus on the following aspect: 1) the treatment modality in pancreatic cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy; 2) the mechanism of pancreatic cancer treatment resistance, especially in cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment; 3) the diagnosis tools in pancreatic cancer, including serum markers, imaging methods and endoscopic ultrasonography. Novel molecular probes based on the nanotechnology in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are also discussed.

**Keywords:** pancreatic carcinoma, immunotherapy, cancer stem cell, tumor microenvironment, nano-medicine
