**Author details**

Ferdinand Bauer KLF Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Kaufbeuren, Germany

\*Address all correspondence to: ferdinand.bauer@radiologie-kaufbeuren.de

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**101**

*Imaging and Diagnosis for Planning the Surgical Procedure*

magnetic resonance imaging prediction of surgical margin status in rectal cancer. Br J Surg 98(6):872-879

[9] Al-Sukhni E, Milot L, Fruitman M et al. (2012) Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for assessment of T category, lymph node metastases, and circumferential resection margin involvement in patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg

[10] Beets Tan RG, Lambregts DM, Maas M et al (2018) Magnetic resonance imaging for clinical management

Oncol 19(7):2212-2223

of rectal cancer: Updated recommendations from the 2016 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting, Eur Radiol 28(4):

[11] Rao SX, Zeng MS, Xu JM et al (2007) Assessment of T staging and mesorectal fascia status using highresolution MRI in rectal cancer with rectal distention. World J Gestroenterol

[12] Maas M, Lambregts DM, Lahaye MJ et al (2012) T-staging of rectal cancer: accuracy of 3.0 Tesla MRI compared with 1.5 Tesla. Abdom Imaging

[13] Smith N, Brown G (2008) Preoperative staging of rectal cancer.

[14] Lambregts DM, Beets-Tan RG. Optimal imaging staging of rectal cancer. EJC Suppl. 2013;**11**(2):38-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2013.07.031

[15] Nougaret S, Jhaveri K, Kassam Z, Lall C, Kim DH (2019) Rectal cancer MR staging: pearls and pitfalls at baseline examination. Abdom Radiol

Acta Oncol 47: 20-31

44:3536-3548

1465-1475.

13:4141-4146

37:475-481

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93873*

[1] NAPRC (2020) Commision on Cancer. National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer. Optimal Resources for Rectal Cancer Care. 2020 Standards Am Coll Surg pp. 1-60. https://www.facs. org/quality-programs/cancer/naprc/

[2] Bauer F (2016) The Importance of Preoperative Staging of Rectal Cancer Using ultiparametric MRI Part II: TNM Cancer Staging. Chirurgia Vol. 111(6):

[3] Fritsch H, Lienemann A, Brenner E et al (2004) Clinical anatomy of the pelvic floor. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol

[4] Laghi A, Iafrate F, Paolantonio P et al (2002) Magnetic resonance imaging of the anal canal using high resolution sequences and phased array coil:

visualization of anal sphincter complex.

[5] Iafrate F, Laghi A, Paolantonio P et al (2006) Pre-operative staging of rectal cancer with MR imaging: correlation with surgical and histopathologic findings. Radiographics 26:701-714

[6] McCawley N, Clancy C, O'Neill BD, Deasy J, McNamara DA, Burke JP (2016) Mucinous Rectal Adenocarcinoma Is Associated with a Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 59: 1200-1208

[7] Schäfer AO, Langer M,

Baumann T (2012) Bedeutung der Schnittbildverfahren für das Staging des Rektumkarzinoms [The role of crosssectional imaging in staging of rectal cancer]. Chirurg. 83(5):439-447

[8] Taylor FG, Quirke P, Heald RJ et al (2011) MERCURY study group. One millimetre is the safe cut-off for

Radiol Med 103:353-9

standards/2020

**References**

463-475

175:1-64

*Imaging and Diagnosis for Planning the Surgical Procedure DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93873*
