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In this chapter, we focus on the up-to-date status of colorectal cancer occurrence in an Asian country with nearly 100 million in population. Protective and risk factors, time trend of colorectal cancer from 2005 to 2018 will be presented. Perspective of colorectal cancer prevention and research will be highlighted. Data will be derived and based out of current running research projects of prospective cohort study, case-control study, and population-based mortality registration in Vietnam from 2005 to 2020. The association colorectal cancer with lifestyle, diet, cooking methods, demographic factors is taken into analysis. Time trend, colorectal cancer survival, mortality will be presented.

**Keywords:** colorectal cancer, risk factor, time trend, mortality, incidence
