**Chapter 8**

multicentre, phase 2 study," pp. 1182–

and in combination with atezolizumab: Preliminary efficacy and safety in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)," *JCO,* 2017.

[144] Y.-H. Xie, "Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal,"

[145] N. McGranahan, "Clonal neoantigens elicit T cell

pp. 1463–1469, 2016.

immunoreactivity and sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade," *Science,*

[146] J. Gong, "Response to PD-1 Blockade in Microsatellite Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Harboring a POLE Mutation," *J Natl Compr Canc*

[147] H. K. Angell, "The Immunoscore: Colon Cancer and Beyond," *Clin Cancer*

*Nature,* 2020.

*Netw,* 2017.

*Res,* 2019.

[136] H.-J. J. Lenz, "LBA18\_PRDurable clinical benefit with nivolumab (NIVO) plus low-dose ipilimumab (IPI) as firstline therapy in microsatellite instabilityhigh/mismatch repair deficient (MSI-H/ dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer

[137] X. Yu, "Characterization of a novel anti-human lymphocyte activation gene

[138] J. J. Le, "Recent Advances in the Clinical Development of Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy for Mismatch Repair Proficient (pMMR)/non-MSI-H Metastatic Colorectal Cancer," *Clin Colorectal*

(mCRC)," *Ann. Oncol,* 2019.

3 (LAG-3) antibody for cancer immunotherapy," *. MABS,* p. 1139–

*Cancer,* pp. 258–273, 2018.

[139] C. M. Fares, "Mechanisms of Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade: Why Does Checkpoint

Inhibitor Immunotherapy Not Work for All Patients?," *ASCO Book39 ,* 2019.

[140] D. Ciardiello, "Immunotherapy of colorectal cancer: Challenges for therapeutic efficacy," *ScienceDirect,*

[142] M. D. Hellmann, "Phase Ib study of

atezolizumab combined with cobimetinib in patients with solid tumors," *Annals of Oncology,* pp. 1134–

[143] J. Tabernero, "Phase Ia and Ib studies of the novel carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) T-cell bispecific (CEA CD3 TCB) antibody as a single agent

[141] L. Liu, "The BRAF and MEK Inhibitors Dabrafenib and Trametinib: Effects on Immune Function and in Combination with Immunomodulatory Antibodies Targeting PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4," *Clin Cancer Res,* 2015.

1191, 2017.

*Colorectal Cancer*

1148, 2019.

2019.

1142, 2019.

**160**
