Section 3 About Adenomyosis

*Endometriosis*

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intraoperative analgesia for laparoscopic excision of endometriosis. Fertility and

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**Chapter 5**

**Abstract**

LNG-IUS

**1. Introduction**

**2. Prevalence**

**3. Pathogenesis**

and surgical treatment.

Adenomyosis

*Wei Zheng and Boya Deng*

Adenomyosis is a benign uterus disease in which the invasion of the endometrial glands and/or stroma within myometrium is found and usually appears between the ages of 40 and 50 years in women. There are several differences in their pathogenesis. The secondary dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia are the common symptoms. Ultrasound sonography, MRI, CA125, and histological examination can be helpful for the diagnosis of adenomyosis. The treatment of adenomyosis depends on the patient's age, symptoms, and desire for future fertility, including medical treatment

**Keywords:** adenomyosis, hyperestrogenism, progesterone, laparoscopic, GnRHa,

Adenomyosis is a benign uterus disease in which the invasion of the endometrial glands and/or stroma within myometrium is found and usually appears between the ages of 40 and 50 years in women [1]. It can result in debilitating pelvic pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, and infertility. It was first described in 1860 by Rokitansky, and in 1896, Cullen suggested the term "adenomyosis." Adenomyosis is an estrogendependent disease similar to endometriosis and it regresses rapidly after the meno-

Most cases of adenomyosis were discovered in multiparous women during the transitional years (40–50 years). Women of age range 30–60 years also can be affected. The incidence of adenomyosis remains unknown, because the disease is usually recorded on the base of hospital and surgical reports, it is generally estimated that 20% of women have adenomyosis. However, an analysis of multiple

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are closely linked diseases, but there are several

differences in their pathogenesis. Four theories have been proposed to explain adenomyosis: heredity, trauma, hyperketonemia, and viral transmission. Although the exact cause is unknown, the most widely accepted theory of histogenesis was proposed by Meyer in 1900. Meyer postulated that the normal barrier between

pause. However, adenomyosis is a poorly understood gynecologic disease.

myometrial sections may reveal an incidence as high as 65% [2].
