**Abbreviations**


*The Striatal DNA Damage and Neurodegenerations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93706*

*DNA - Damages and Repair Mechanisms*

with the signs of DNA damage.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

**Other declarations**

**Abbreviations**

**5. Conclusion**

is an important mechanism of ROS-induced mutation [53]. The study examined the DNA-repair capacities of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer patients and revealed that the age at the first onset of BCC positively correlated with DNA repair, suggesting that the earlier the age of onset, the lower was their DNA repair [54].

DNA damage might progressively alter chromatin conformation and, thereby,

This chapter is funded by NIH R01 NS092865. We are grateful to all participants and their families for their commitment and dedication to advance research of diagnosis and treatment for PD and AD as well as to the Knight-ADRC and MDC research staff for their contributions. We thank Dr. Nigel Cairns, Ms. Erin E. Franklin, and Mr. Michael Baxter for coordination of the tissue preparation and expert technical

The research in this chapter was approved by the Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer disease Research Center (Knight ADRC) and Movement Disorders Center (MDC) Leadership Committees (Ethics approval reference number: T1705).

assistance. We also thank Mr. William Knight for editorial assistance.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

ROS reactive oxygen species

PD Parkinson disease

AD Alzheimer disease

BER base excision repair

Aβ β-amyloid

8-oxo-G 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine

DLB dementia with Lewy bodies

ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis DSBs double-strand breaks

8-oxo-dG 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine

VMAT2 vesicular monoamine transporter 2

SRY sex-determining region of the Y chromosome

gene expression types with age. Oxidative damage to nucleic acid is altered in midbrain structures of PD, DLB, and other neurodegenerative disease patients, consequently, inhibiting mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. What is more, there is a chicken and egg paradox in the studies trying to correlate neuronal degeneration

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