Meet the editor

Ana Cristina Gonçalves, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor of Habilitation, Department of Rural Engineering, University of Évora, Portugal. She is also a researcher at the Institute for Mediterranean Agrarian Sciences (ICAAM). Dr. Gonçalves has a Ph.D. in Forest Engineering, and has authored more than 100 publications and participated in fifteen research projects. Her research focuses on silviculture and modeling in pure, mixed, even-aged

and uneven-aged stands; and forest management and planning integrated into a GIS environment.

Contents

*by Emilio Vilanova*

Thinning: An Overview *by Ana Cristina Gonçalves*

Effects of Climate Change

*by Janusz Szmyt*

in Cloud Forests of the Venezuelan Andes *by Ana Quevedo-Rojas and Mauricio Jerez-Rico*

Basic Theory and Methods of Afforestation

*by Ninghua Zhu, Hai Shang, Liling Liu, Xiaowei Yang, Fei Liu* 

*by Jie Duan and Dilnur Abduwali*

Afforestation in Karst Area

*and Shuangshuang Chen*

*by Koji Matsushita*

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 25**

**Chapter 3 41**

**Chapter 4 59**

**Chapter 5 77**

**Chapter 6 101**

**Chapter 7 123** Legal and Administrative Aspects of Forest Pest and Disease Control in Japan

Differentiation of the Forest Structure as the Mitigation Action of Adverse

Silvicultural Practices in Venezuelan Natural Forests: An Historical Perspective and Prospects of Sustainable Forest Management

Mixed Forest Plantations with Native Species for Ecological Restoration

## Contents


Preface

Silviculture refers to the sustainable management of forest ecosystems, taking into consideration the product and service needs of society. It also focuses on forest stands, using several methods and techniques to ensure their conservation and productivity. Due to stand structure diversity, from even-aged monospecific to uneven-aged multi-specific stands, and to the wide assortment of forest products and services, the characterization and modeling of forest stands are made with a large suite of approaches related to the objectives, productions and services, and

Among other determinant practices, afforestation and reforestation are of primordial importance to forest sustainability. They are the primary drivers for the perpetuity and sustainability of forest stands as well as their related products and services.

This book focuses on silviculture as well as forestation. It contains the following

Chapter 1 "Silvicultural Practices in Venezuelan Natural Forests: An Historical

Restoration in Cloud Forests of the Venezuelan Andes"

Chapter 4 "Differentiation of the Forest Structure as the Mitigation Action of

Chapter 7 "Legal and Administrative Aspects of Forest Pest and Disease Control

**Ana Cristina Gonçalves**

University of Évora, Évora, Portugal

Department of Rural Engineering, School of Sciences and Technology,

Environment and Development,

MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture,

Institute of Research and Advanced Information (IIFA),

Chapter 2 "Mixed Forest Plantations with Native Species for Ecological

Adverse Effects of Climate Change"

Chapter 5 "Basic Theory and Methods of Afforestation"

Perspective and Prospects of Sustainable Forest Management"

yields of forests.

seven chapters:

Chapter 3 "Thinning: An Overview"

Chapter 6 "Afforestation in Karst Area"

in Japan"
