**3. Results and discussions**

method of analysis that compare the activity of suitable alternative strategies; (3) a method of analysis can provide for three (3) stages of strategy formulation

To implement strategy forest conservation management by using Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analysis, within three stages as follows: (1) The first stage for preparing an external factors evaluation matrix (EFEM), and internal factor evaluation matrix (IFEM), (2) arrange external or internal matrix, then

The sampling method is proportional random sampling and unit analysis is the heads-of-household who are members of the forestry community training center (120 people) and local government and staff of Baluran National Park with 50

Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) are (1) one of approach for

formulation framework analysis; (4) is an analytical tool that is able to select the best strategy objectively by using inputs and management techniques with easy

**No Key external factors Weight Value**

2 Communication is getting better and coordinated between the parties 0.09 3.40 0.31 3 Policy budget resource management and transparency 0.12 2.84 0.34 4 BNP located in geographical zones that are growing rapidly 0.07 3.28 0.23

2 The global economic downturn and the availability of jobs 0.09 3.28 0.30 3 Growth objects and attractions around BNP 0.12 2.76 0.33

7 Growth objects and attractions around BNP 0.12 2.76 0.33

Total 1.00 — 3.16

countries with tremendous natural wealth 0.05 3.88 0.19

**rating**

0.07 3.32 0.23

0.14 3.04 0.43

0.09 2.96 0.27

0.03 3.68 0.11

0.13 3.32 0.43

**Score**

strategic management at the top level to evaluate strategic opportunities; (2) a method of analysis that compare the activity of suitable alternative strate-

gies; (3) a method of analysis can provide for three stages of strategy

1 Global support to conservation of natural resources in developing

5 The Minister of forestry policies are encouraging management programs and development

1 Population growth around buffer village of BNP with the space requirements and ever increasing economic

4 The behavior of tourists and residents in the area of BNP

5 The rise of rare flora and fauna trade that affect the extraction of natural resources

6 Local government policies that are inconsistent as influenced by economic and political dynamics

uncontrolled, potentially causing damage to forests

framework analysis; (4) is an analytical tool that is able to select the best strategy objectively by using inputs and management techniques with easy

computational [16].

people (see **Table 1**).

computational.

Opportunities

Threats

**Table 1.**

**160**

*The external factor evaluation (EFE) matrix.*

determines the strategy to be taken.

*Advances in Forest Management under Global Change*

### **3.1 The External Factor Evaluation Matrix (EFEM)**

The steps must be carried out by other agencies or managers to implement the strategy of forest management using by analysis Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) within three stages as follows: (1) The first stage for preparing an evaluation matrix external factors (EFE), and internal factor evaluation matrix (EFI), (2) arrange external or internal matrix form (EI), then determines the strategy to be taken. External factors are outside the organization that affect to the successful of forest management, and may be divided into opportunities as the external factors that it can encourage a successful management of BNP, and threats from outside the organization as a factor, it has also been increase the risk of failure to achieve management goals. The matrix evaluation of external factors is influence to the management strategy of Baluran National Park (BNP) is presented in **Table 1**.

Note that there are five opportunities and six threats facing by Baluran National Park (BNP). Fifth opportunities include (1) the existence of global support to conservation of natural resources in developing countries with a wealth of outstanding natural, (2) the communication is getting better and coordinated between the parties, (3) Policies institutional accountable and transparent in the management of budget and resources, (4) Baluran National Park (BNP) lies in the geographical zone that is growing rapidly, (5) the policy of the Ministry of Forestry are encouraging management programs and development.

While the six threats faced by manager of Baluran National Park (BNP) are: (1) the population growth around Baluran National Park (BNP) with space requirements and economic growth (2) the global economic downturn and job availability, (3) Growth of object and tourist attractions around Baluran National Park (BNP) not able to provide incentives and to improve a welfare of the surrounding community, (4) behavior of tourists and residents in the area of BNP uncontrolled, potentially causing damage to forests, (5) the trade of flora and fauna that affect extraction of natural resources of Baluran National Park (BNP), and (6) local government policies that are inconsistent as influenced by economic and political dynamics. The weight and value given to each of the external factor is based on the same criteria as is done in EFE. EFE matrix analysis results showed that the total value is multiplied by the weight to the overall external factor is 3.16.

The analysis of the internal factors that influence the forest management indicates that there are seven strengths and nine weaknesses that affect the performance of forest management. Seventh strengths are: (1) biological and nonbiological diversity; (2) sustainability empowerment program with potential ownership of social assets that have the support of various parties; (3) Buffer zone (Bitakol) entrance area as a Baluran National jungle zone; (4) the relationship between Baluran National Park (BNP) with local people are good enough; (5) the relationship and coordination with the local government runs well; (6) training to improve quality of human resources of Baluran National Park (BNP) good, this is indicated partly by the success of the staff who pass the competency of performance; and (7) the wealth of biodiversity is able to attract the attention of the academics to conduct a study and research.

Internal weaknesses are internal factors in forest management that affect forest management organization to reach a destination that has been set. The results of the analysis of internal factors indicate nine weakness in forest management, namely: (1) the amount of the area has been disturbed habitat for the invasion of exotic species; (2) disturbance forests increasingly high due to the lack of participation and awareness; (3) resource management wizard which has not been optimal so it is not able to provide benefits in improving the welfare of the surrounding community; (4) enforcement of tourist activity that has not been done properly; (5) law enforcement is not optimal and transparent; (6) the conservation efforts Bull have not shown optimal results; (7) the interaction of people still harm the BNP based on characteristic of the socio-demographic aspects; (8) many memorandum of understanding (MOU) has not been implemented optimally; and (9) unavailable the road map of research, so the research focused on the needs of researchers and research objects.

strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Here is a Strength-

2. Sustainability programs related to community empowerment which

3. Bitakol area as an entrance area in Baluran National jungle zone Good relationships with community

4.Wellrun and coordinated relationships with local

6. Biodiversity attracting academics

**Opportunities Strategy SO Strategy WO**

Strategies that use strengths to take advantage of opportunities.

BNP forest management strategies (S 1,2,3,4,5,6,7; O 1,2,3,4,5)

**Threats Strategy ST Strategy WT**

Draw up strategies for optimizing the

Strategies that use strengths to

preservation around BNP

overcome threats.

receives support

institutions

government

to do research

Park (BNP) (**Table 3**).

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92217*

IFAS

EFAS

1. Global support for conservation

2. Improving communication

3. Resource management transparency 4. BNP as a main corridor of the JavaBali 5. Encouraging management programs strategy

1. Population growth

2. The global economic downtown

**163**

Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT) analysis matrix of Baluran National

*Forest Conservation Management Using SWOT Analysis and QSPM Matrix (Case Study…*

**Strengths Weakness**

1. Biodiversity 1. A large area of habitat has been

5. Highquality human resources 5. Bull conservation has not shown

disturbed

optimal.

optimal results

2. Natural tourism is not optimal.

3. Regulation of tourist activities not

4. Law enforcement has not been

6. Interactions of people still hurt BNP

7.MOU has not been implemented 8. No road map for researchers

Strategies that minimize weakness in order to exploit opportuninties.

The strategy of exploiting global support for the restoration of degraded areas. (W 1,2,4; O 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)

Utilizing the global support strategy and communication efficiency coordination to enhance tourism competitiveness BNP. (W 3,4,5,6,7,8,9; O 1,2,3,4,5)

Strategies that minimize weakness and

The strategy of exploiting the objects and attractions of natural resources in transparency and accountability of management policies to maximize conservation efforts, including implementation of sustainable tourism in

avoid threats.

TN Baluran

enforced properly

The weight of each internal factor indicates the importance of each factor in forest management. Figures weights between 0.0 indicate that these factors are not important up to 1.0 indicating that the weights are very important and affect the success of forest management. Grades or rankings indicate how effective the strategy of forest management set will increase the internal strength or overcome internal weaknesses that exist. Based on the analysis of EFI is known that the total amount is 4.64. It means Baluran National Park has good potential internal factors (**Table 2**).


**Table 2.** *The Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix.*
