**5. Functional roles of miRNAs**

Several previous studies on model plants like *Arabidopsis* and some other plants confirmed that the miRNAs are involved in different biological pathways in which they play significant role in growth and development, upkeep of genome integrity, response to various biotic and abiotic stresses, signal transduction, homeostasis and hormone signaling pathways [35]. Different aspects of the miRNA regulatory roles in development, biosynthetic pathway and adaptive response to stresses have been reviewed [36] and more continues to be reported. Current study revealed that the miRNAs can be used to reprogram various cellular pathways, followed by the formation of microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecules during pathogen attack, promote some dynamic changes in microtranscriptome along with differential transcriptional regulation in support of immunity and resistance [2].
