**9. Acknowledgements**

We are grateful to the villagers of Dielmo, Ndiop and Suan Phung for their participation and continued collaboration in this project. We thank the administrative authority of Institut Pasteur of Dakar, Senegal and Mahidol University, Thailand for their continuous support. Funding by provided by Institut Pasteur and the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique.

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