*3.1.4 Educational attainment of respondent*

The results in **Figure 3** revealed that majority of the total respondents (53.31%) had Quranic education as their highest education attainment while a few (4.61%) had tertiary education. In the study conducted by [18] on the Perceptions on climate change and adaptation strategies among sweet potato farming households in Kwara State, North central Nigeria found that just about 2% of the respondents had tertiary education. This indicated that those that attend tertiary education do not participate in farming activities due to the preference for white collar jobs, especially in developing countries like Nigeria [20, 25]. The result in **Figure 3** further indicated that the entire sampled respondents in the study area had one type of education or the other which could enhances their reasoning in all aspect of life.

### **3.2 Farmers awareness of climate change**

### *3.2.1 Awareness of climate change*

From the findings of the study it was revealed in **Table 3** that a large number of the respondents (82%) were aware that climate is changing. Though, the result is higher but lower than the findings of [21] where 98% of the sampled farmers claimed that they are aware of climate change. This difference occurred as a result of differences of their level of educational attainment, culture and socio-economic characteristics. This is because according to [26] in their studies on determinants of farmers' adaptation to climate change in Ghana showed that education was positive and significantly related to farmers' decision to adapt to climate change.


**167**

effects.

**4. Conclusion**

**Figure 4.**

participation in agricultural activities.

reasoning in all aspect of life.

*Effects of Demographic Characteristics for Farmers' to Climate Change in Bunkure, Nigeria*

The results in **Figure 4** shows that farmers access information on climate change from different sources. The figure revealed that mass media were the major sources of awareness for majority of the respondents as 24.5% got their awareness on climate change from the radio; 22.8% from the television. A little over 20% of the respondents claimed that, their awareness of climate change was by their personal experiences. Also extension agents in the study area shows little concern on informing farmers on the incidence of climate change but rather the media plays a significant role in educating not only farmers but the general public through their programmes of daily weather forecast report and other scientific news and programmes. Because today, mass media plays vital role in translating sciences that shaped peoples' perceptions on various issues related to environment, technology and risk . This makes many people to pay much attention to the science based news

which in turn affect their positive knowledge about climate change [27].

including agriculture in order to provide food for their families.

The study provides an insight on the effects of farmers' demographic characteristics to climate change in Bunkure, Nigeria. The study revealed that majority of the sampled farmers in the study area are males that fall within the active age bracket and can understand and experience the effects of climate change due to their active

As gender issues in climate change become important issues globally the result of the study shows that majority of the farmers are males in the area and this has connection with the culture of the people in Kano where male engaged in all activities

However, the study concluded that the greater the size of the household the greater the chances of being engaged in farming and more aware on climate change

From the results on the level of farmers' education it was revealed that those that attend tertiary education do not participate in farming activities due to the preference for white collar jobs. Also it was established that all the respondents in the study area had one type of education or the other which could enhances their

From the findings of the study it was revealed that a large number of the respon-

dents were aware that climate is changing. Mass media such as radio, television through their programmes of daily weather forecast report and other scientific news and programmes are the major sources of farmers' information to climate

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95988*

*3.2.2 Sources of information on climate change*

*Source of awareness on climate change. Source: Field survey (2019).*

**Table 3.** *Level of awareness of climate change.* *Effects of Demographic Characteristics for Farmers' to Climate Change in Bunkure, Nigeria DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95988*

**Figure 4.**

*Agrometeorology*

*3.1.4 Educational attainment of respondent*

*Level of education of the respondents. Source: Field survey (2019)*.

**3.2 Farmers awareness of climate change**

*3.2.1 Awareness of climate change*

The results in **Figure 3** revealed that majority of the total respondents (53.31%) had Quranic education as their highest education attainment while a few (4.61%) had tertiary education. In the study conducted by [18] on the Perceptions on climate change and adaptation strategies among sweet potato farming households in Kwara State, North central Nigeria found that just about 2% of the respondents had tertiary education. This indicated that those that attend tertiary education do not participate in farming activities due to the preference for white collar jobs, especially in developing countries like Nigeria [20, 25]. The result in **Figure 3** further indicated that the entire sampled respondents in the study area had one type of education or the other which could enhances their reasoning in all aspect

From the findings of the study it was revealed in **Table 3** that a large number of the respondents (82%) were aware that climate is changing. Though, the result is higher but lower than the findings of [21] where 98% of the sampled farmers claimed that they are aware of climate change. This difference occurred as a result of differences of their level of educational attainment, culture and socio-economic characteristics. This is because according to [26] in their studies on determinants of farmers' adaptation to climate change in Ghana showed that education was positive

and significantly related to farmers' decision to adapt to climate change.

**Level of Awareness Total Percentage (%)** Yes 284.54 82 No 62.46 18 Total 347 100

**166**

**Table 3.**

*Source: Field Survey (2019).*

*Level of awareness of climate change.*

of life.

**Figure 3.**

*Source of awareness on climate change. Source: Field survey (2019).*

### *3.2.2 Sources of information on climate change*

The results in **Figure 4** shows that farmers access information on climate change from different sources. The figure revealed that mass media were the major sources of awareness for majority of the respondents as 24.5% got their awareness on climate change from the radio; 22.8% from the television. A little over 20% of the respondents claimed that, their awareness of climate change was by their personal experiences. Also extension agents in the study area shows little concern on informing farmers on the incidence of climate change but rather the media plays a significant role in educating not only farmers but the general public through their programmes of daily weather forecast report and other scientific news and programmes. Because today, mass media plays vital role in translating sciences that shaped peoples' perceptions on various issues related to environment, technology and risk . This makes many people to pay much attention to the science based news which in turn affect their positive knowledge about climate change [27].

#### **4. Conclusion**

The study provides an insight on the effects of farmers' demographic characteristics to climate change in Bunkure, Nigeria. The study revealed that majority of the sampled farmers in the study area are males that fall within the active age bracket and can understand and experience the effects of climate change due to their active participation in agricultural activities.

As gender issues in climate change become important issues globally the result of the study shows that majority of the farmers are males in the area and this has connection with the culture of the people in Kano where male engaged in all activities including agriculture in order to provide food for their families.

However, the study concluded that the greater the size of the household the greater the chances of being engaged in farming and more aware on climate change effects.

From the results on the level of farmers' education it was revealed that those that attend tertiary education do not participate in farming activities due to the preference for white collar jobs. Also it was established that all the respondents in the study area had one type of education or the other which could enhances their reasoning in all aspect of life.

From the findings of the study it was revealed that a large number of the respondents were aware that climate is changing. Mass media such as radio, television through their programmes of daily weather forecast report and other scientific news and programmes are the major sources of farmers' information to climate

change for majority of the respondents. A little of the respondents claimed that, their awareness of climate change was by their personal experiences. Surprisingly, extension agents who are saddled with the responsibilities of educating farmers in their palaces of assignment particularly in the study area shows little concern on informing farmers on the incidence of climate change.
