**9. Brief potentially ictal rhythmic discharges [B(I)RDs]**

B(I)RDs are very brief EEG discharges, of moderate to low amplitude, lasting between 10s and 4 s, firing at around 4 Hz or more, rhythmic focal theta activity (**Figure 16**); they are most often seen in neonates and occur in 2% in ICU population during cEEG monitoring.

Patient with B(I)RDs suffer from various neurological disorders especially chronic seizure disorder, and acute cerebral injury; a large majority of patients with B(I)RDs experience seizures.

#### **Figure 16.**

*B(I)RDs in a 80 ys old patient. Patient suffered from generalized tonic–clonic seizure and was unconscious. EEG shows a very brief run of sharply contoured, intermittent rhythmic theta activity over the right anterior region (boxed areas).*
