*3.1.2 Mosquitoes and dengue infection*

The viruses of the *Flavivirus* genus are transmitted by mosquitoes and cause diseases, including dengue. It is observed that *Cx. quinquefasciatus* mosquitoes with West Nile virus (WNV) showed altered miR-92 and miR-989 expressions. In *Aedes albopictus*, the aae-miR-2940 miRNA is downregulated in response to WNV infection to restrict viral replication. In studies, the expressions of 35 miRNAs of mosquitoes modulating DENV infection in *Aedes aegypti* and more than 66 miRNAs were reported. *Ae. albopictus* is differentially expressed after DENV-2 infection. Therefore, aal-miR-34-5p and aal-miR-87 contribute to antipathogenic and immunological responses during DENV-2 infection. ae-miR-375 is the key to DENV replication, which can improve DENV-2 infection in an *Ae. aegypti* cell line. aae-miR-252 is three times more expressed after DENV-2 infection in *Ae. albopictus* cell line (C6/36); this inhibited DENV replication by suppressing the expression of the envelope protein of DENV. Regarding aal-miR-281, an abundant miRNA specific to the midgut, it was found that it facilitates the replication of DENV-2 in *Ae. albopictus* [36, 37].
