**3. Conclusion**

This book chapter is very significant for the learning of the radiology of developmental dental defects with an aim of demystifying the topic without the need of a lecturer or tutor. By extension, the various areas of the write-up have touched on the use of the radiograph in not only diagnosing the case, but also to understand the basis for the management.

Without much deliberation, this is the way radiology of any topic should be taught and disseminated in online teaching, especially amidst the sudden changes in the modalities of teaching that has been introduced as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. In rounding up let us look at the diverse developmental dental defect that the case in **Figure 36** is depicting.

The dental panoramic tomogram shown in radiographic **Figure 36** is showing a fourth molar (which is a duplication of the third molar), this is not a distomolar. The only possible explanation is that this has occurred as a result of *Germination* of the third molars. What I am trying to emphasis is that despite the fact that this duplication has resulted in the fourth molar tooth on each side, the pathogenesis is actually different from the fourth molar that developed and ascribed as a distomolar!

The questions to be asked at this stage are as follows:

	- a. Germination of all the third molars leading to multiple impacted double molars.
	- b. Dilaceration of the roots of #47, mesial root.
	- c. Concrescence of #28 and 48 and its fourth molar (possible concrescence).

In conclusion, radiology is the key to the diagnosis of most dental defects. It also has a role to play in the suggestion of the etiology and most definitely in the *eventual management* of the particular defect.
