**2. Epidemiology**

The prevalence of injury and TDI's has been observed in children and young adults of every country of the world. Different authors have reported different incidences and prevalence's of TDI's from many countries. A 12-year review of the literature reports that 25% of all school children experience dental trauma and 33% of adults have experienced trauma to the permanent dentition, with the majority of injuries occurring before age nineteen [7].

A study on prevalence of TDI's conducted in India reported 59.2% of males and 40.8% of female's experienced dental injury and they concluded that males experienced more TDI's due to the outdoor activities [8]. Study conducted on Saudi Arabian children mention a incidence of TDI's is 1–3% and prevalence of 20–30%, similar results were also observed in studies conducted in Europe [9, 10]. The prevalence of missing anterior teeth as a result of dental trauma is reported as 12 per 1000 children in one cross-sectional epidemiological study [11]. A 2017 prospective study found that among patients with maxillofacial fractures, 41.8% of them had concomitant dental injuries to two or more teeth [4]. The trauma prevalence in one

*Short and Long Term Oral Hygiene Maintenance Protocols for Traumatic Dental Injuries DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96043*

study showed 10.13% children suffered TDI's and only 3.37% of the children had undergone treatment for those injuries [12]. Studies have concluded that anterior teeth with increased incisal over jet and inadequate lip coverage were significant predictors for the occurrence of TDI's [13]. Children and adolescents in the poor socio economical conditions had greater incidence of TDI's and they had not received proper treatment for those TDI's.
