**3. Muscle mechanics**

*Recent Advances in Biomechanics*

and to the whole body level.

**2. Essentials of biomechanics**

**2.1 Kinematics**

1.Displacement

3.Acceleration

2.Velocity

**2.2 Kinetics**

1.Force

2.Torque

3.Mass

**2.3 Anthropometry**

effects," hence "Biomechanics," terms evolved which literally means the forces and its effects on the living cells. The biomechanics includes the study of tissues including bones, cartilages, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves, studying all these tissues at different levels and scales ranging from the single cell to tissues, to organs,

To study the biomechanics, one should know the basic of human structure and

Kinematics is the study of motion without involving the factor that causes that motion. The whole kinematics theory and analysis will evolve around three basic

Kinetics is the study of motion, and the elements causes that motion, that is, force and torque. The kinetics as evident from the name kinetics will discuss the mechanics of the human body that are under motion, and the three basic variables

Anthropometery is a combination of two Greek words anthropos, which means "Human" and metron, which means "Measure." Therefore, the literal meaning of the anthropometry is the measurement of the human individual. When discussing the mechanics of the human body, the discussion and understanding of the anthropometry become essential, due to the fact that the mechanics cannot be complete without the measurement of the subject. The basic parameters under consideration when discussing the anthropometry are *Height, Weight, Size* and *Esthetics* of organs, limbs, and other body parts. A number of

The biomechanics is divide into following **Figure 1**.

its functions, that is, anatomy and physiology of the human body.

**1.1 Relationship with physiology and anatomy**

variables of mechanics, which are as follows:

that cause or influence the motion are as follows:

**12**
