Genes to Personalized Medicine and Molecular Therapie

**53**

**Chapter 3**

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

New Perspectives in

*Małgorzata Rogalińska*

Hematological Cancers

therapy, more sensitive to drugs or heavily pretreated.

**Keywords:** personalization of therapy, resistance to treatment, anticancer drugs

Several studies around the world are focus on molecular aspects related with

developing of cancer. It seems to be not easy, because of high complexity of carcinogenesis and a difference between patients in disease progressing based on genetic, epigenetic or even environmental alteration. It is possible that in our bodies expression of proteins or external factors regulate hormone expression. Moreover, hormones could affect cell signal transduction and metabolism. It looks like we have some logical plan that coordinates gene expression, but because of potential involvement of many factors and familiar, sometimes even personal, predispositions for particular type of disease, diagnostic is not easy. The personal differences in disease progression activity and response to treatment reveal that even now cancers are the leading cause of death. The best way to avoid carcinogenesis is a health prophylactic since childhood. It is more likely that cancer or other diseases related with some disturbances in metabolism, except genetically related

Personalization of Therapy for

A progress in treatment of hematological cancers was achieved. Unfortunately, some youngsters, because of rare genetic alterations that are not easy to detect, as well as heavily pretreated old patients, because of coexisting diseases that lead to changes in patient metabolism, do not respond to therapy. Moreover, sometimes familiar diversities and alterations on genetic or epigenetic level that could be transferred on diversities in metabolism or cell signaling might be a reason why patients do not respond to therapy. Interestingly, for older patients a resistance to therapy could also occur as a reason of drug cross-reactivity. For designing of effective anticancer therapy for patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia before drug administration, patient's leukemic cell response to anticancer drug(s) should be checked. Moreover, for patient response to treatment, also drugs prescribed previously by other medical doctors or even patients' diet could be important for achieving therapeutic success of therapy. Therefore it is important to choose the effective drugs before their administration to patient that will improve treatment efficacy and exclude resistance to therapy. It must be stated that the special attention for personalized therapy tests should be focused on patients previously resistant to
