**2. Educational standard in Indonesia**

The level of education is the stage of education defined based on the level of student progress, the goals to be accomplished and the skills to be developed. Formal education in Indonesia covers primary education, secondary and higher education. Each level has a specific age range and period of education. Indonesia has completed 12 years of compulsory education. Twenty years of compulsory education must, therefore, be the standard of primary education consisting of 6 years of primary school or equivalent and 3 years of junior high school or equivalent. For now, though, the upper secondary school is taken up to 3 years and is generally conducted up to 4 years for higher education (S1) (**Figure 1**).
