**Appendix 1: data structure**

*Occupational Wellbeing*

complex.

disciplines arises challenges and makes knowledge sharing between partners more

Despite the complementarities between the aeronautic ecosystem partners and

Innovation is needed in today's challenging environment which dynamism and managing uncertainty is required [61]. Open innovation which is "a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas to advance their technology" [13] embedded in the notion that the sources of knowledge for innovation is dispersed in the economy and involves a deliberately managed knowledge flows across organizational boundaries [62]. Through collaborative project partners develop, create and share knowledge. In dealing with different background, culture, process, and knowledge throughout collaborative project, organizations must improve their practices to access, share and create knowledge. Ecosystem of innovation [19, 20, 63] is more and more considered as territorial systems that facilitates and drive collaboration which facilitate knowledge sharing and innovation. Our results show that interprofessional collaboration- expressed by academia and industry partners- presents more challenge and obstacle in sharing knowledge. On the one hand lack of communication and leadership is often expressed as a missing skills of academia partners. On the other hand, a misunderstanding of the reality of partners is showed to be the reasons of those missing skills. This tensions between academia and industrials partners leads to a poor projects' output in terms of knowledge sharing whether is strong the contribution

the need of a new knowledge, this study shows a challenging relation between two important actors: the industrials and the academics. In fact, universities have become a major knowledge creator in many countries [60]. Our finding shows a

**5.1 Interorganizational knowledge sharing challenge**

challenging collaboration between the academics and industries.

**5.2 Academics-industrial: complementarities with two languages**

of governmental actors to bolster collaboration and open innovation.

**5.3 A balanced bottom-up and top-down collaboration approach**

through those collaborative projects.

**6. Conclusion**

Our results show the balance between a "top down" and a "bottom up" approach is required in order to promote collaboration between ecosystem actors. Despite the existence of social proximity and geographic proximity that should lead to facilitate knowledge sharing process, our informants expressed a weak knowledge sharing

The purpose of this paper was to gain a better understanding of factors that impede and foster the inter-organizational knowledge sharing within a collaborative project. The results generated in this analysis highlight how social proximity, which is considerate as a facilitator to collaboration and interactive learning, is needed to initiate the collaborative project but neither fosters collaboration nor facilitates the knowledge sharing process in a lack of other factors. Contrary to research showing the relevant role of social proximity to foster collaboration, our finding suggests that within the project progress, the lack of leadership and interest in the project the collaborative project fail to achieve their goal which is

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*Occupational Wellbeing*
