**4.7 Perceived health hazards problems faced by farm workers**

Occupational hazard constitutes a serious source of morbidity and mortality among all workers [54]. The occupational hazard could also be mainly thanks to two reasons i.e. the utilization of harmful chemicals in farming and biomechanical and posture demand of their health [55]. [56] also observed that farm women worked constantly in awkward postures during different agricultural activities then they suffered from discomfort in various parts of their body. [57] reported for occupational hazard among farm women were majority 65.00 per cent reported injury while harvesting followed by 33.33 per cent while weeding and 25.00 per cent while cleaning land. Joint problem was reported by 89.16 per cent farm women in wrist, 88.33 per cent in knee, back bone and shoulder, 75.00 per cent in neck and 73.33 per cent in elbow. Majority of farm women reported physical problems like body pain (95.83 per cent), tiredness (92.50 per cent) and physical stress (90.83 per cent) while transplanting. Farm women also reported impact of disease of the skin during farm activities i.e. heat stroke (84.16 per cent), heat prostration (68.33 per cent) and mycosis and allergy (23.33 per cent). [46] reported hexagonal tubular maize sheller shows easy in operation no muscle strain, low cardiac cost, less energy expenditure while using traditional practice. [25] revealed that Twin wheel hoe was user friendly tool can help to reduce the environmental an occupational health hazards of farm activity and also improved the work efficiency of workers during agriculture activities.

**61**

**Author details**

Surendra Prasad Tripathi1

Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India

† All authors equally contributed.

provided the original work is properly cited.

\* †

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Shyam Ranjan Kumar Singh3† and Anupam Mishra4†

3 ICAR, ATARI, Zone-IX, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

4 Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India

\*Address all correspondence to: surya.somvanshi@gmail.com

, Surya Pratap Singh Somvanshi2†,

1 KVK - Mandsaur, RVS Agriculture University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

All authors read, reviewed, agree and approved the final manuscript.

2 KVK - Hamirpur, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology University,

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*A Review of Ergonomic Evaluation of Occupational Hazard of Indian Agriculture Farm…*

In this chapter, we shed light on farm women engaged in more time on postharvest activities than those pre-harvest activities. Environmental and occupational health issues among agricultural workers expressed high levels of concern about working in warm weather, agricultural injuries, pesticides, awkward posture and drudgery prone activities. Improved drudgery agriculture tools saves time and money spend on labour, minimizes body muscular problems and it is very easy to handle. The probabilities of the injury are eliminated and it is safe to use thanks to its better construction and low cost effecting harvesting tool. This advanced technology might be adopted by the farm women. We still have an extended thanks to make a secure agricultural environment more efforts are needed for getting to availability of eco-friendly tools to finish users and thus, more emphasis on focusing ergonomists, agriculture experts, tool designers and organizations concerned

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98705*

with occupational health hazards.

**Conflict of interest**

**Author statement**

**5. Conclusions**

*A Review of Ergonomic Evaluation of Occupational Hazard of Indian Agriculture Farm… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98705*
