**7. Conclusions**

Genetic diversity can generate new strains and ST types that behave like a different bacterium. Both horizontal and vertical evolutions are the ways to genetic diversity that can help the *S. aureus* to survive under various environments. Biofilm formation ability is also affected by the genetic diversity and can help our pathogen in not only surviving but also in pathogenesis. Plasmids, bacteriophages, Tn and IS elements are much more faster ways of evolution as compared to SCVs and point mutations. SCVs generation could be a slow phenomenon but once these are generated their characteristics can change the behavior of *S. aureus*. Understanding these mechanisms underlying these evolutions could help us in designing suitable strategies and anti-biofilm therapies against *S. aureus*.
