**9. Abscess, cellulitis, and erysipelas**

Cause inflammation of the tissue cell may be many of the original skin living organisms or in specific environmental areas. Inflammation associated with cysts usually caused by *S. aureus*.

### **9.1 Cellulitis**

These terms refer to the spread of skin infections spread, except for infections associated with the well pyogenic inherent, such as skin abscesses and inflammation of the fascia enterocolitis and arthritis Morphological and osteomyelitis. Unfortunately, doctors use the term "cellulitis" and "blush" is inconsistent. For some, it regards the distinction between the two terms deeply inflammation: erysipelas affect the upper dermis, including surface lymphocyte, while the inflammation of the tissue cell includes deep dermis, as well as subcutaneous fat. In practice, it may be difficult to distinguish between inflammation of cellulose and Aloristil clinically, and used some doctors, especially in northern Europe, the term "blush" to describe both infections.

*Erysipelas* is characterized by clinically from other forms of skin infections following Balmizatan: lesions are raised above the surrounding skin level, and there is a clear line of demarcation between the concerned tissue and tissue is involved [50]. This disorder is more common among infants, young children, and older adults. It is almost always caused by β-hemolytic streptococci (usually group A), but similar lesions can be caused by streptococci from serogroups C or G. Rarely, group B streptococci or *S. aureus* may be involved. In older reports, erysipelas characteristically involved the butterfly area of the face, but at present, the lower extremities are more frequently affected [51].

With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the prognosis is excellent. However, the infection rarely extends to the deeper levels of the skin and soft tissue. Is penicillin, which is given either by intravenous or oral according to clinical severity, is the optimal treatment (A-III). In the case of suspected infection *Staphylococcus aureus*, you must choose penicillin-resistant semi-industrial penicillinase or cephalosporin of the first generation. (A-III). In multiple prospective randomized trial, the effectiveness of roxithromycin, anti-Maikaroledat, equivalent to those used in penicillin. Resistance between macrolides streptococci group, however, is increasing in the United States [52].

These infections arise when living organisms enter through breakthroughs in skin. Include predisposing factors for these infection cases that make it more fragile or local host defenses skin is less effective, such as obesity and previous skin damage, edema of venous insufficiency or blockage of the lymphatic or other reasons. The origin of the barrier may be inactivated skin is shock, and skin infections previously existing, such as herpes or eczema, ulceration, and networks toe chapped spots or fungal infections, skin and inflammatory diseases, such as eczema. Often, the commas are in a small skin and is clinically moderate. These infections can occur anywhere, but the most common in the lower legs [53].

#### *Bacterial Skin Abscess DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91657*

Include surgical procedures that increase the risk of inflammation of cellulose, which is assumed to be due to the interruption of lymphatic drainage, eradication of venous bile, and the anatomy of the axillary node breast cancer, surgery for diseases of malignant women involving the lymph node dissection, especially when following radiation therapy node of lymph. The radical hysterectomy [54–56].

*Streptococcus* responsible in areas of intermittent intra-toe or cracked, underlining the importance of the discovery and treatment of ringworm foot and other causes of toe deformities in these patients. Sometimes, the *Streptococcus* tank is the anal canal or vagina, especially for the group B *Streptococcus*, which causes inflammation of the cellular tissue in patients with cancer, former women treated with surgery and radiation therapy. *S. aureus* less frequent causes inflammation of cellular tissue, and is often associated with penetrating trauma earlier, including the injection sites of drug use illegal [57, 58].

Can many factors other infectious inflammation of the production of cellular tissue, but usually only in special cases. With cat bites or dogs, for example, the administrator would be responsible for the object types Bastorella, especially *P. multocida*, or *Capnocytophaga canimorsus*. This may cause inflammation of the cellulose Alheffilh after immersion in fresh water, while the infection after exposure to salt water can arise from species *Vibrio*, especially *V. vulnificus* in warm climates. In rare cases, *Streptococcus iniae* or *E. rhusiopathiae* may cause infection in persons employed in aquaculture or meatpacking, respectively. Inflammation can occur Salil about the pilgrims caused by *Haemophilus influenzae* in children. It has been reported diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for these infections by the Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics. In antineutropenia, infection may be caused by *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* or Gram-negative bacilli, and in patients with HIV, may be in charge of the organism is *Helicobacter sinaada*. From time to time, Alkraatokov neoformans cause inflammation of cellulose in patients with cellular immune deficiency [59, 60].

Due to the low production rate, the blood cultures is not fruitful for the case of typical cases of erysipelas or cellulitis, which were not particularly severe [61]. The aspirations of the needle and skin biopsies also are not necessary in typical cases, which must respond to treatment with antibiotics directed against *Streptococcus* and Staphylococcus. This may be more useful for patients with diabetes procedures, malignant tumors, and factors to prepare non-regular, such as injury immersion, bites and animals, neutropenia, and immune deficiency [62].

Include diseases that are sometimes confused with acute inflammation of the tissue cell, such as resulting from contact with a skin disease, inflammation of the causes of allergies; gout, with skin inflammation significantly extends beyond the affected joint; herpes zoster. Hardening of the skin of acute fatty, which is inflammation of the lip which occurs mostly in obese women with deficient women phlebitis in the lower limb, causing painful areas, erythematous, thin, warm, non-saturated, and sometimes scaly in the medial leg-like inflammation of cellular tissue [63].

The lifting of the affected area, which is an important aspect and is often overlooked in the treatment, the improvement process accelerates by encouraging the discharge of gravity edema and inflammatory substances. Patients should also receive appropriate treatment for any medical condition may be ripe for infection, such as ringworm foot or venous eczema ("stasis dermatitis") or shock.

Each bout of cellulitis cause inflammation and lymphatic perhaps some permanent damage. Acute or recurrent seizures may result from inflammation of the tissue cell to lymph edema, which are in some cases large enough to cause the elephant's disease. Measures to reduce the recurrence of inflammation of the tissue cell treatment maceration between the numbers, maintain skin hydration well

emollients to avoid dehydration and cracking, and minimize any essential edema in ways such as raising the upper limb, or compression stockings, or pressure pumps air, and if appropriate, treatment Diuretic. If frequent infections occur despite such measures, prophylactic antibiotics appear reasonable; however, published results demonstrating efficacy have been mixed [64]. Because streptococci cause most recurrent cellulitis, options include monthly intramuscular benzathine penicillin injections of 1.2 MU in adults or oral therapy with twice-daily doses of either 250 mg of erythromycin or 1 g of penicillin V (B-II). An alternative option, but has not been tested, for patients suffering from inflammation of trusted frequent cellulose is an attempt to shorten each episode by providing antibiotics by mouth for them to start treatment as soon as the start of the symptoms of infection. One of the selenium experience by mouth showed a decline in the rate of recurrence of erysipelas in the secondary lymph edema by 80%. This report requires independent confirmation [65].
