**5.2 Bioartificial organs**

Dialysis treatment initiated the development of artificial organs. Bioartificial organs are aimed to fully compensate for the functions of a failing organ and they closely mimic human organs. Bioengineering is the mainstay of producing bioartificial organs, but an interdisciplinary approach including the contribution of material science, cell biology, mechanics, chemistry, informatics, surgery, computer science, physics, and medicine is required. Organ manufacturing, in its simplest definition, is producing bioartificial organs using living cells, other material, and advanced processing technologies. Organ manufacturing technologies are basically classified into three groups: fully automated, semi-automated, and hand- manipulated [28].
