*Future Prospects of Organ Transplantation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94367*

mortality risk by 30% and long-term [3 years] mortality risk by 50% in acute-onchronic liver failure patients [39].

The parenchymal cells of the liver are hepatocytes that constitute nearly 70–85% of the liver volume. Treatment of congenital metabolic disorders affecting the liver and acute liver failure using allogenic hepatocyte transplantation has been proposed. The transplanted cells provide the impaired or missing hepatic function once engrafted into the recipient's liver. Mature hepatocytes have been considered the most obvious cell type for liver cell transplantation. Some advantages of these cells have been noted. They are less invasive and less expensive not involving complex surgery, may be repeated in case of need, cryopreserved cells isolated from donor livers are immediately possible when required and native liver stays in place [40].

Demetriou AA et al. have shown favorable results on survival in patients with acute liver failure using an extracorporeal liver assist system. The system was composed of 7 billion porcine hepatocytes within a hollow-fiber bioreactor. This phase II/III, prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled trial included patients with fulminant-subfulminant hepatic failure or primary nonfunction [41].
