**9. Conclusion**

The prerequisite of seizure origin in a well circumscribed area of brain and the precision of localization of such epileptogenic zone by epilepsy work up make modern epilepsy surgery a promising treatment modality for refractory epilepsy.

The pre-operative assessment, which include multiple disciplines, however, should be focused on two important conceptual facets


The advent of wide range of diagnostic tests and available surgical techniques has widened the applicability of surgical treatment. The success rate of these surgical interventions range from 10 to 20% of seizure reduction to more than 70% seizure freedom, depend on the different scenario.

In conclusion, epilepsy surgery for drug resistance epilepsy involves close collaboration and teamwork by multi-disciplinary specialties. Epilepsy surgery could be performed in different epilepsy centres. Patients should be referred early in their refractory disease course to a higher level epilepsy center for evaluation of the complex surgical options. Public education and promotion on management of refractory epilepsy by surgical treatments should be encouraged and lead by our local professional bodies and health organizations.
