**3. Psychosocial aspects associated with ageing**

Much research highlights aspects that are often associated with older people who are not really older, such as deficits or impairments related to physical or cognitive abilities. The concept associated with active aging defends the opposite, allowing them to maintain healthy and preventive aspects showing a great quality of life that allows them not only to live in their natural environment without problems but to develop as people with identity, roles and maintaining the realization of activities that they usually do in their day to day [18].

**Figure 3.** *Psychological factors associated with the elderly (Own elaboration) [19].*

On the other hand, it is essential to show the people we work with, in this case older people, why they should carry out these productive or meaningful activities for them, what they can achieve and how it will help them to develop their daily activities in an autonomous and independent way (**Figure 3**).

#### **3.1 The personality**

Personality plays a fundamental intrinsic role among the psychological aspects that can influence people to a great extent since, depending on the way they respond, they will carry out the proposed activity in one way or another.

There is an important relationship between activity and life satisfaction, connecting or disconnecting from society as a result of low mood, poor adaptation and other similar emotional disturbances [18].

A peculiarity about the García & González studio [20], is the classification of two groups of people who were more likely to remain active throughout the end of their lives than the other group who showed a tendency to retire early and express a desire to disconnect socially and professionally.

The fact of being active as a formula to maintain personal identity allows and helps the user to enjoy and value positively the time spent, the performance of functions and the promotion of a correct state of mind in this respect.

On the other hand, finding a meaningful activity suitable to one's tastes and personality allows to improve the sense of life, directly affecting the perspective of life, bringing happiness and investing that time in those roles in which they were happy and improving the adaptation of those who remained committed and connected during the last part of their lives [21].

#### **3.2 Psychological well-being**

Psychological well-being is defined as the balance between expectations, hope, dreams, achieved or possible realities, expressed with satisfaction and the ability to face vital events in order to adapt [22].

Ryff defines psychological well-being as a multidimensional construct subjectively perceived by the individual defined by the meaning and significance of life for oneself [23].

There are five aspects or areas of psychological well-being:


Consistent with well-being is self-acceptance, understood by Ryff as the positive attitude towards oneself and one's past, positive relationships as the ability to maintain close relationships with other people, autonomy as self-determination or the ability to make decisions for oneself, mastery of one's environment as the individual's ability to create or choose favourable environments to satisfy needs, purpose in life to provide life with goals, objectives and meaning, and finally purpose in life related to one's potential and personal growth (**Figure 4**).

**Figure 4.** *Element of Psychological Wellbeing (extracted from Ryff and Singer [23]).*
