**12. Participatory approaches**

Involving communities in EBE/PH is promising in participating techniques that actively include community people in research and intervention programs [2, 27, 89]. Academicians, practitioners, as well as members of the community collaboratively identify concern issues, devise intervention strategies, as well as evaluate results. This method relies on the input of "stakeholder" [3, 74], builds on current resources, enhances collaborative synergy between all parties, as well as integrates knowledge along with activities which it is hoped, would lead toward a fair distribution for all partners to the benefits of project intervention [14, 90]. Stakeholders, or important development partners, are persons or agencies with an interest in the problem at hand [14, 91]. Policymakers for instance, remain particularly significant stakeholders in developing health policies [92]. Stakeholders must include people who might possibly receive, use, as well as profit from the policy or program being considered. The three (3) stakeholders' groups remain pertinent viz.: people affected through interventions, people developing programs as well as those who used the program evaluations results. The three groups of people involved include: the creators of the program, those who participated in the program and those who used the results of the program. Participatory methods can also be an existing challenge in following EBEPH guidelines, particularly in attainment of appropriate agreement through which appropriate methods are used aimed at addressing a specific health problem i.e., Covid-19 pandemic [1–3, 9, 10, 19, 93].
