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## Meet the editor

Dr. Felix Bongomin is an internationally recognised expert in clinical mycology and a resident internal medicine physician. His clinical and research interests are in histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, and fungal disease epidemiology. He is currently a lecturer in the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Gulu University School of Medicine, Gulu, Uganda. Dr. Bongomin is actively involved in the teaching of

both medical and public health students in various aspects of medical microbiology and immunology. In the past five years, he has contributed to more than fifty international peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, with more than 600 citations.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

**Section 3**

Diagnosis

**Section 4**

Histoplasmosis - An Overview *by Felix Bongomin and Lauryn Nsenga*

*by Anna Rozaliyani and Findra Setianingrum*

*by Emilie Guemas, Loïc Sobanska and Magalie Demar*

Laboratory Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis: An Update

*by María J. Buitrago and Clara Valero*

Treatment of Histoplasmosis

*and Akaninyene A. Otu*

**Preface XI**

Introduction **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

Epidemiology **13**

**Chapter 2 15**

Diagnosis **31**

**Chapter 3 33**

**Chapter 4 53**

Treatment **67**

**Chapter 5 69**

*by Felix Bongomin, Richard Kwizera, Joseph Baruch Baluku, Lucy Grace Asio* 

The Review of Histoplasmosis Endemicity and Current Status in Asia

*Histoplasma capsulatum* and *Histoplasmosis:* Current Concept for the

Introductory Chapter: The Global Distribution of Human

## Contents


Preface

*Histoplasma and Histoplasmosis* is a book of general medical interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students and specialist healthcare practitioners in the field of clinical and laboratory practices. This book provides comprehensive yet "bite-sized" background knowledge and updates in the recent understanding of the histoplasma organism and the disease it causes to trainees and practicing mycologists at all

This book was written through a collective and collaborative work of leading, internationally recognised authors in the field of infectious diseases, medical mycology, and microbiology and laboratory medicine. The editor judiciously curated individual chapter contributions into a single text to maintain the relevance and the

*Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum* and *Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii* and the human disease they cause, collectively referred to as histoplasmosis, are prevalent worldwide, although certain areas are hyperendemic for this disease. The World Health Organization has officially recognised histoplasmosis as an AIDSdefining illness, a neglected tropical (fungal) disease, and an important cause of death in patients with advanced HIV disease. Histoplasmosis has an incredibly protean manifestation and is commonly misdiagnosed as tuberculosis or cancer. In the recent past, significant advancement has been achieved with respect to diagnos-

This book discusses the global distribution of the disease, provides an updated estimation of the burden of histoplasmosis in Asia, and examines recent advances

I hope this book will pique interest in histoplasmosis and eventually save many lives

in laboratory diagnosis and treatment of histoplasma and histoplasmosis.

from this devastating disease. I welcome constructive criticisms.

*Dr. Libero Ajello*

**Dr. Felix Bongomin, MB ChB, MSc**

School of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu City, Uganda

*"…only the prepared mind can help the impaired host.."*

scope of this book without compromising the science within it.

degrees of experience.

tic and therapeutic approaches.
