Meet the editor

Dr. Ian James Martins has a DSc in Science in Nutrition and an MD in Diabetology. He is an editor and reviewer for various national and international journals. He received the Distinguished Scientist award from the International Scientist Awards on Engineering, Science and Medicine in 2021. He was also recognized as Top Peer Reviewer by the Global Peer Review Awards in 2019. Dr. Martins ranks in the top 1% of cited researchers according to

the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) tool. He has an h index of 132 with more than 15,000 citations over the past 27 years. He also has 205 international certificates from journals, conferences, congresses, and summits. Dr. Martins is a member of the BIT Congress.

Contents

*by Ian James Martins*

Impact of Sugar on Vision

Endothelial Cells (HAEC) *by Frankie B. Stentz*

*by Sage Arbor*

Sugar Intake *by Kang Li*

*by Laura Lema-Pérez*

Tolerance in Pregnant Women

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 5**

**Chapter 3 21**

**Chapter 4 39**

**Chapter 5 65**

**Chapter 6 81**

**Chapter 7 95**

**Chapter 8 121**

**Chapter 9 135**

Biological Responses to the Consumption of Non-Nutritional Sweeteners

Hyperglycemia- and Hyperlipidemia-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Human T Lymphocytes and Human Aortic

Gain or Loss? The Effect of Ad Framing on the Intention to Control

*by Luke He, Ghufran S. Babar, Jacob M. Redel, Sabetha L. Young,* 

Application of a Pedometer for the Management of Impaired Glucose

Fructose Intake: Metabolism and Role in Diseases

*Callie E. Chagas, Wayne V. Moore and Yun Yan*

Main Organs Involved in Glucose Metabolism

*by Mariko Ueno, Mitsue Muraoka and Koichiro Takagi*

Introductory Chapter: Sugar Intake and Global Chronic Disease

The Sugars with the Potential to Prolong Human Life *by Tomoya Shintani, Laura Lema-Perez and Hideya Shintani*

*by Grace Ogbonna, Rosemary Ehigbo and Ogbonna Hannah*
