**Author details**

Srini Chary Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

\*Address all correspondence to: srini.chary@ahs.ca; schary@shaw.ca

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**15**

*What Do We Need to Consider for Pain Management? DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93640*

> of delirium in the palliative care setting. Drugs. 2017;**77**:1623-1643. DOI: 10.1007/

> [11] Caraceni A, Shkodra M. Cancer pain assessment and classification (review). Cancers. 2019;**11**:510. DOI: 10.3390/

[12] Davison SN. Clinical pharmacology considerations in pain management in patients with advanced kidney failure. CJASN. 2019;**14**:917-931. DOI: 10.2215/

[13] Treede R-D et al. Chronic pain as a symptom or disease. The IASP classification of chronic pain for the international classification of disease (ICD-11). Pain. 2019;**160**(1):19-27

[14] Siddall PJ. Neuroplasticity and pain: What does it all mean? The Medical Journal of Australia.

[15] Kosek E, Cohen M, Baron R, et al. Do we need a third mechanic descriptor for chronic pain states? Pain.

[16] aan het Rot M, Mathew SJ, Charney DS. Neurobiological mechanisms in major depressive disorder. CMAJ. 2009;**180**(3):305-313

intergenerational effects of Indian residential schools: Implications for the concept of historical trauma. Transcultural Psychiatry;

[18] Webster LR, Webster RM.

[19] Mittinty MM, Vanlint S, Nigel Stocks MN, Mittinty GLM. Exploring

Predicting aberrant behaviors in opioidtreated patients: Preliminary validation of the opioid risk tool. Pain Medicine.

[17] Bombay A et al. The

2013;**51**(3):320-338

2005;**6**(6):432-442

2013;**198**(940):177-178

2016;**157**:1382-1386

s40265-017-0804-3

cancers11040510

CJN.05180418

[1] Hawley P(P). The bow tie model of 21st century palliative care. JPM; 2013;**47**(1):e2-e5. DOI: 10.1016/j. jpainsymman.2013.10.009/

[2] Thomas K et al. Prognostic Indicator Guidance (PIG). 4th ed. © The Gold Standards Framework Centre In End of Life Care CIC. England, United Kingdom; 2011 (Google Scholar)

[3] Boulanger A, Clark AJ, Squire P, Cui E, Horbay GL. Chronic pain in Canada: Have we improved our management of chronic noncancer pain? Pain Research & Management.

[4] Diatchenko L et al. Genetic basis for individual variations in pain perception and development of chronic pain condition. Human Molecular Genetics.

[5] Zorna-Lichtenwalter K, Meloto CB, Khoury S, Diatchenko L. Genetic predictors of human chronic pain conditions. Neuroscience.

[6] Tennant F. A diet for patients with chronic pain. Practical Pain Management. 2012;**11**(6):1-7

[7] Lisa B, Jessica H. Evidence synthesis—The opioid crisis in Canada: A national perspective. Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada.

[8] Raja SN et al. The revised

Lancet. 1999;**353**:2051-2058

International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: Concepts, challenges, and compromises. Pain.

[9] Carr DB, Goudas LC. Acute pain.

[10] Bush SH, Tierney S, Lawlor PG. Clinical assessment and management

2018;**38**(6):224-233

2020;**00**(00):1-7

2007;**12**:39-47

**References**

2005;**14**(1):135-143

2016;**338**:36-62

*What Do We Need to Consider for Pain Management? DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93640*
