**7. Conclusion**

Pulmonary hypertension and its most dreaded consequence, RV dysfunction, are important mortality risk factors in cardiac surgery. Accordingly, all cardiac patients may benefit from early diagnosis and/or treatment prior to the surgical procedure. In patients with PH, further evaluation of potential alterations in the RV function would be relevant. Thus, future trials should prioritize in-depth exploration of preventive approaches in order to address the role of preemptive reduction of PH severity before cardiac surgery and to determine its impact on postoperative outcomes and survival improvement.
