**4. Laboratory information system**

The LIS was integrated with the HIS to automate the testing process from clinical departments to laboratory and back into EMR (Taddei et al., 2005). Laboratory workflow consists of three parts: (a) test ordering by clinical staff, printing bar-coded ID labels and transmitting orders by network to laboratory; (b) processing test requests and controlling identified specimens by laboratory staff, providing work orders to analytical instruments and validation of results authorizing delivery into the hospital clinical repository.
