*3.3.2.4 The lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA)*

It is a collateral branch of the PFA that originates from its proximal part (2–3 cm). It lies behind the sartorius and the rectus femoris and is divided into three branches:


The ascending branch of LCFA averaged 3.7 cm from the anterior portal. A terminal branch of this vessel was present in three specimens 0.3 cm from this portal [15] (**Figure 7**).

**31**

**Figure 8.**

*Femoroacetabular Impingement: Anatomy and Pathogenesis*

*3.3.2.5 The medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA)*

*3.3.2.6 The lateral femorocutaneous nerve (LFCN)*

courses down along the surface of the sartorius muscle.

them are potentially on the course of AP (**Figures 8**, **9**).

It is a collateral branch of the PFA that originates 1–2 cm from its proximal part, journeys medially, and then wraps itself around the femoral diaphysis to give an ascending branch and a transverse branch that anastomoses with their counterparts

Nerve structures that are at risk in hip arthroscopy are the femoral (FN), the sciatic nerve (SN), the lateral femorocutaneous nerve (LFCN), and the superior

It emerges from underneath the inguinal ligament just medial to the ASIS and

The proximal path of the nerve is relatively constant, but its branching is rather irregular, giving 0–5 branches when becoming more superficial; the most lateral of

Byrd [14] in an anatomic study of portal placement and relationship to the extraarticular structures in hip arthroscopy found that the LFCN had divided into three or more branches at the level of the AP and that this portal averaged only 0.3 cm

Larson and Clohisy [16, 17] in a prospective multicenter trial including 1505 hip arthroscopies and in systematic review found that the most common complication was postoperative LFCN disturbance (16.5%), which persisted beyond 6 months in

The femoral nerve is the most lateral structure within the femoral triangle. It lies on the Psoas muscle belly at the approximate midpoint between the anterior

*Origin and branches of the lateral femorocutaneous nerve. (1) Femoral nerve; (2) lateral femorocutaneous* 

*nerve with its branch; (3) psoas muscle; (4) sartorius muscle; (5) tensor fascia latae muscle.*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90296*

of the LCFA.

gluteal nerve (SGN).

from one of these branches.

*3.3.2.7 The femoral nerve*

superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle.

only 1.6%.

**Figure 7.** *Position and trajectory of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.*

*Essentials in Hip and Ankle*

*3.3.2.1 The common femoral artery*

*3.3.2.2 The circumflex superior iliac artery*

*3.3.2.3 The profunda femoris artery*

branches:

the Scarpa triangle and goes out toward the ASIS.

*3.3.2.4 The lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA)*

of the head and neck of the femur

*Position and trajectory of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.*

mize with the MCFA

portal [15] (**Figure 7**).

triangle. It gives at the level of the hip the following collaterals.

It continues the external iliac artery (EIA) and lies anterior and medial to the hip capsule. Only the iliopsoas lies between the vessel and capsule at this point, and it is continued by the superficial femoral artery. The femoral vein lies medial to the artery.

A collateral branch of the CFA originates from its proximal part at the level of

It lies medial to the SFA and continues the CFA 3 to 4 cm below the femoral

It is a collateral branch of the PFA that originates from its proximal part (2–3 cm). It lies behind the sartorius and the rectus femoris and is divided into three

• An ascending branch that vascularizes the GT and participates in the irrigation

• A transverse branch that passes through the large external muscle to anasto-

• A descendant branch that sometimes originates directly from the deep femoral artery and runs along the medial part of the vast outer back of the anterior right

The ascending branch of LCFA averaged 3.7 cm from the anterior portal. A terminal branch of this vessel was present in three specimens 0.3 cm from this

**30**

**Figure 7.**
