Bone Grafts in Dentistry

**3**

**1. Introduction**

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

Marginal Bone Changes around

*Elaf Akram Abdulhameed, Marzuki Omar and A.R. Samsudin*

To assess the effect of LIPUS on marginal bone regeneration during insertion and following loading using CBCT scan imaging, a trial of RCT of 22 subjects needing dental implant was conducted. The participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups; both groups underwent similar two-stage implant surgery of one maxillary dental implant. The control group (n = 11) of the implant site was allowed to heal in a conventional way, while the intervention group (n = 11) was subjected to LIPUS therapy at the implant site (twice a week, 20-minute duration, from week 2 after stage I implant surgery and continued for 10 weeks). Similar ultrasound protocol was repeated 2 weeks after crown installation and again continued for another 10 weeks. The assessment of marginal bone loss around dental implants was carried out at three different views (coronal, sagittal, and axial) of the implant site immediately after surgery, 3 and 6 months later. Statistical analysis of ANOVA within and between two-group analysis that was applied followed by pairwise comparison with confidence interval adjustment showed that there is a significant difference among the groups (p < 0.05). The CBCT imaging (coronal view) values suggested that bucccal bone regeneration around the dental implant has significantly increased during the early osseointegration period in the LIPUS-treated subjects than in the control group. LIPUS enhances bone formation in particular buccal bone plate

Dental Implants after LIPUS

Application: CBCT Study

around the dental implant as confirmed by the coronal view.

**Keywords:** LIPUS, coronal, sagittal, axial, osseointegration

The introduction of osseointegration, in 1969, by Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark, at the Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Goteborg, [1] opened new avenues in the dental implant treatment for the partially or fully edentulous patients [2]. Titanium endosseous implants are widely used successfully in association with this treatment modality. Various investigations proved this method

to be superior for long-term prognosis for dental implant treatment [3, 4].

Osseointegration is a process of connecting structurally and functionally an ordered living bone with load-carrying implant [5]. When histologic features of the osseointegration were observed, functional ankylosis was found without any intrusion of connective or fibrous tissues between the implant surface and bone [6]. However, in some situations, osseointegration does not take place adequately and
