**Author details**

Natalia Beloborodova\* and Andrey Grechko Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russian Federation

\*Address all correspondence to: nvbeloborodova@yandex.ru

© 2021 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**37**

018-0017-4

31493127 Review.

*"Dialogue" between the Human Microbiome and the Brain*

[8] Oleskin AV, Shenderov BA.

the SCFAs and gasotransmitters produced by the human symbiotic microbiota. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2016;27:30971. Published 2016 Jul 5.

doi:10.3402/mehd.v27.30971

Lipid Res. , 2016, 57, 943-954.

[10] Dalile B, Van Oudenhove L, Vervliet B, Verbeke K. The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiotagut-brain communication. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(8):461- 478. doi:10.1038/s41575-019-0157-3

[11] Ho L, Ono K, Tsuji M., Mazzola P., Singh,R., Pasinetti G. M. Protective roles of intestinal microbiota derived short chain fatty acids in Alzheimer's

neuropathological mechanisms. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2018, 18, 83-90. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1400909

[12] Beloborodova NV, Khodakova AS, Bairamov IT, Olenin AY. Microbial origin of phenylcarboxylic acids in the human body. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2009 Dec;74(12):1350-1355. doi: 10.1134/ s0006297909120086. PMID: 19961416.

[13] Dodd D, Spitzer MH, Van Treuren W, et al. A gut bacterial pathway metabolizes aromatic amino acids into nine circulating metabolites. Nature. 2017;551(7682):648-652.

doi:10.1038/nature24661

[14] Chernevskaya E, Beloborodova N, Klimenko N. et al. Serum and fecal profiles of aromatic microbial metabolites reflect gut microbiota disruption in critically ill patients: a prospective observational pilot study. Crit Care 24, 312 (2020). https://doi. org/10.1186/s13054-020-03031-0

disease-type beta-amyloid

Neuromodulatory effects and targets of

[9] Schonfeld P., Wojtczak, L. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids in energy metabolism: the cellular perspective. J.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94431*

[1] Beloborodova N.V., Grechko A.V., Olenin A.V. Metabolomic Discovery of Microbiota Dysfunction as the Cause of Pathology, Metabolomics - New Insights into Biology and Medicine, Wael N. Hozzein, Published: July 1st 2020 IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.

[2] Beloborodova N.V., Olenin A.Yu., Pautova A.K. Metabolomic findings in sepsis as a damage of host-microbial metabolism integration. // JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, 2018, 43, 246-255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.09.014

[3] Benakis C, Martin-Gallausiaux C, Trezzi JP, Melton P, Liesz A, Wilmes P. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in acute and chronic brain diseases. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2020;61:1-9. doi:10.1016/j.

conb.2019.11.009

[4] Vogt NM, Kerby RL,

PMCID: PMC5648830

Dill-McFarland KA, Harding SJ,

[5] Strandwitz P. Neurotransmitter modulation by the gut microbiota. Brain Res. 2018 August 15; 1693(Pt B): 128- 133. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.015

[6] Cani PD, Van Hul M, Lefort C, Depommier C, Rastelli M, Everard A. Microbial regulation of organismal energy homeostasis. Nat Metab. 2019;1(1):34-46. doi:10.1038/s42255-

[7] Oleskin AV, Shenderov BA. Probiotics and Psychobiotics: the Role of Microbial Neurochemicals. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019 Dec;11(4):1071-1085. doi: 10.1007/s12602-019-09583-0. PMID:

Merluzzi AP, Johnson SC, Carlsson CM, Asthana S, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Bendlin BB, Rey FE. Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 19;7(1):13537. doi: 10.1038/ s41598-017-13601-y. PMID: 29051531;

**References**

87176.

*"Dialogue" between the Human Microbiome and the Brain DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94431*
