**Abstract**

New bioceramic calcium silicate endodontic cements have been recently introduced in the market. They are biocompatible materials that stimulate mineralization. Its dimensional stability is similar to the Fillapex MTA with greater thickness and solubility than AH Plus (Dentsply, DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) as it is water based. Stored in dispensed syringe, it has a pre-mixed consistency. They are used with the single cone obturation technique because they have properties that are changed when heated. They were developed by inducing bioactivity on the surface of the material when in contact with tissue fluids. An improvement in the osteoblastic differentiation of the cells of the periodontal ligament, induction of remineralization of the dentin, and excellent antimicrobial properties have also been associated with these cements. These properties make these cements an excellent alternative in the attempt to obtain a three-dimensional obturation of the Root Canal System (SCR).

**Keywords:** endodontics sealers, bioceramics, biocompatibility, bioactivity, MTA, calcium silicate, root canal obturation

#### **1. Introduction**

Recently introduced in the form of sealant cements, bioceramic endodontic cements are biocompatible compounds obtained by various chemical processes. They exhibit excellent biocompatibility properties due to their similarity to the biological process of hydroxyapatite formation and to the ability to induce a regenerative response from the periapical tissues [1]. In endodontics, bioceramic materials are mainly found as repair cement [2] and endodontic cement [3], for these materials showed interaction with and response to the stimulation of living tissues, they reached relevance to be studied.

According to Cheng et al. [4], bioceramics exhibit remarkable biocompatibility properties due to their similarity to the biological process of hydroxyapatite formation and the ability to stimulate a regenerative response. They present osteoinductive capacity as they absorb osteoinductive substances when in contact with bone healing process.

First-generation bioceramic cements known as MTA became popular in endodontics and were initially indicated as a retrobuturing material. Later, new indications for its use were developed such as direct pulp capping of permanent teeth, pulpotomy

of deciduous teeth, specification, and repair of surgically and non-surgically root perforations. In addition to these indications, MTA can be applied in other clinical situations such as the coronal plug after endodontic obturation; in the repair of vertical root fractures; prior to the internal bleaching of the dental element, as temporary restorative material; repair of root perforations. Its properties have been modified in order to obtain the excellent properties already well established of the MTA such as biocompatibility, high pH, no reabsorption, increase of root resistance, low cytotoxicity, non-contracting, and chemical stability in an endodontic sealant cement of root canal that is easy to work inside the root canals [5].

Bioceramics are currently represented through restorative materials in the field of oral health, more precisely in endodontics. These bioceramic nanoparticulate cements have three presentations: the EndoSequence Root Putty Putty (ERRM Putty), in dense form; EndoSequence Root Repair Material Paste (ERRM Paste), which comes arranged in a syringe by having fluid constitution; and more recently, EndoSequence Root Repair Material [6–9].

For the closure of dentinal tubules, the use of bioceramic cements has been widely indicated. This material homogeneously seals the voids between the obturator material and the dentin walls. Its bioactivity favors bone repair and neoformation by interacting with periapical tissues.
