*8.5.2 Closure of oroantral fistula using a buccal fat pad (BFP)*

BFP is anatomically favorable, and the easy and minimal dissection of the fat tissue from the buccal pad of fat and then harvesting and mobilization made it a popular technique (**Figure 36**). Furthermore, it has excellent blood supply. A quick surgical technique is preferred due to fact that BFP and the defects to be covered are located in the same surgical field, and a good rate of epithelialization allows for replacement of the mucoperiosteal flap without loss of vestibular depth.

Advantages

**Figure 37.**

Limitations

**9. Conclusions**

• Provides more stability

*Flap Techniques in Dentoalveolar Surgery DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91165*

• Can be used when there is a deficient BFP for closure

cases with perforation and shrinkage of BFP [43–45]

• Used to minimize the risk of shallow sulcus [42]

• More time is needed to perform the surgery

• An experienced surgeon may be needed

• It requires high patient's compliance

medical-legal and economic impacts.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

**Conflict of interest**

**227**

• Can be used in cases where a trapezoidal flap is raised for some reasons and in

*Illustration shows harvesting BFP from the buccal tissue, and the buccal advancement flap is then sutured.*

A wide variety of intraoral flaps and their modifications have been reported in the literature. This chapter illustrates some familiar flap techniques, as well as their advantages and limitations. The application and design of each flap should be tailored to the patient's diagnosis and needs. Surgeons should be aware of patient diagnosis, the anatomical limitation, and the application of different flap's designs. Careful planning, implications, and selection of suitable flap designs would affect final aesthetic outcomes or postoperative morbidity, which may have important

Advantages


### Limitations


#### *8.5.3 Double-layer closure techniques*

This technique combines BFP and buccal advancement or skin flaps. BFP can be covered by the partial thickness skin flap [41] or buccal advancement flap, especially for defects larger than 5 1 cm2 . This technique can also be better managed with the use of BFP with buccal advancement flap than BFP alone [42] (**Figure 37**).

#### **Figure 36.**

*Intraoral photograph shows the harvested buccal fat and is adapted to the defect in the molar and premolar/ molar areas.*

#### **Figure 37.**

• Perfusion of buccal flaps is poor

vestibular depth. Advantages

*Oral Diseases*

Limitations

(**Figure 37**).

**Figure 36.**

*molar areas.*

**226**

• Low rate of complications

• Minimal donor site morbidity

• Easy and versatile technique

• No loss of vestibular depth

*8.5.3 Double-layer closure techniques*

especially for defects larger than 5 1 cm2

• Narrowing of the gingivobuccal sulcus may occur

*8.5.2 Closure of oroantral fistula using a buccal fat pad (BFP)*

be covered are located in the same surgical field, and a good rate of

• While harvesting BFP, perforation or/and shrinkage may occur

This technique combines BFP and buccal advancement or skin flaps. BFP can be covered by the partial thickness skin flap [41] or buccal advancement flap,

managed with the use of BFP with buccal advancement flap than BFP alone [42]

*Intraoral photograph shows the harvested buccal fat and is adapted to the defect in the molar and premolar/*

. This technique can also be better

• The amount of BFP is inadequate in some cases

BFP is anatomically favorable, and the easy and minimal dissection of the fat tissue from the buccal pad of fat and then harvesting and mobilization made it a popular technique (**Figure 36**). Furthermore, it has excellent blood supply. A quick surgical technique is preferred due to fact that BFP and the defects to

epithelialization allows for replacement of the mucoperiosteal flap without loss of

*Illustration shows harvesting BFP from the buccal tissue, and the buccal advancement flap is then sutured.*

#### Advantages


#### Limitations

