Contents


Preface

There are obvious stages of satellite data collection and processing. In general, there are two modes of interaction between remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS). Remote sensing can be used to generate digital maps that can be integrated into GIS development, whereas GIS data can be applied to interpret and classify remotely sensed data. There is no doubt that it is very important to find out reliable digital sources and point out the proper method for

Remote sensing and GIS technology are used to improve satellite image processing and classification. Research in this area is linked to numerous factors that affect Earth monitoring such as natural resources, natural disaster observation, urban extension, and intensification of land use and land cover including deforestation, afforestation, land abandonment, and so on. As such, GIS and remote sensing represent useful tools for assessing/evaluating the detection of changes.

In recent years, however, more sophisticated data-driven methods have been used for Earth monitoring because they are more robust and have better capability to handle complicated relationships between input variables. It takes a vital place in use of current technology applications of different machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural networks (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), decision trees (DT), or support vector machines (SVM).

From this point of view, achievements in GIS applications are becoming widely

In chapter 1 SAR modeling of geophysics measurements is described for analyzing and modeling SAR interferometric processes in scenarios with different geometric, kinematics, and geological structures as well as for generating pseudo SAR inter-

ferograms based on geophysical measurements and topographic maps.

images of the nightglow OI 630.0 nm emissions.

Chapter 2 of this book introduces various navigation implementations using alternate technologies integrated with GPS or operated as standalone devices for expanding navigation systems through combining advanced GIS data processing

Chapter 3 analyzes machine learning in GIS to develop the megacities application.

Chapter 5 describes the study of the spectral optimization of an airborne multispectral camera for land cover classification focuses on the choice of such relevance score. Several criteria are compared through both quantitative and qualitative analyses. To achieve a fair comparison, all tested criteria are compared to classic

In chapter 4, we present research results related to the factors that affect high-accuracy data processing. To begin, we include a study of equatorial plasma bubbles using sky and GPS systems to measure total electron content (TEC) using a GPS receiver and

achieving high-accuracy data processing.

important.

technologies.
