**4.3 Bone grafting**

392 Recent Advances in Arthroplasty

Fig. 2. Translating tibial component could be a viable option for very small defect; this technique should not be used in angular deformity due to abnormal concentration of load

Fig. 3. Cement filling could be used with or without screws (modified from Brooks et

forces.

al.,1984).

Recently, grafting constitutes a frequent option used for the treatment of bone defect in knee arthroplasty. The rationale in using bone grafts consisted in the possibility of a new formation of vital bone, through a process of osteoinduction and/or osteoconduction. Autoplastic bone grafts are likely to be used for limited defects, while structural allograft could be necessary in cases of larger lesions.

Bone grafts, both homoplastic and autoplastic, are to be preferred in younger patients because they allow for bone regeneration that represents an essential condition in case of reintervention.
