**4. Results**

50 Recent Advances in Arthroplasty

The literature on the subject (Baliunas et al. 2002, Manetta et al. 2002. Fantozzi et al. 2003, Wu et al. 2007) provides a broad description of the work of the knee joint before and after knee replacement, but these studies are mostly limited to the presentation of the joint movement in the saggital plane, without considering the other planes or the influence of the disease on the ankle and hip joints and the side which was not operated on. Therefore, research was undertaken to assess the change in kinematic parameters of the gait of persons with degenerative knee joint changes before and after arthroplasty of the joint, to present the three planes of the operated and unoperated knee – in search of compensation mechanisms and to devise a biokinematic chain of the lower limb before and after the surgical procedure.

27 patients participated in the study, including 20 women (74%) and 7 men (26%), aged 60 to 74 (average of the age 66,29 (±5,2)), qualified for knee arthroplasty due to degenerative changes of the joint. X-ray tests performed within the framework of pre-operative diagnostics at the Clinic did not reveal degenerative changes in hip joints. The gonarthrosis evoked an apparent flexion contraction in the affected knee joint in all patients (mean angle

Locomotion tests included measurements of biomechanical parameters of the gait on the basis the three-dimensional analysis using the Vicon system. The analysis took into account angular changes in the three planes of knee joint motion and in the saggital plane of the

First examination was done before knee arthroplasty and the second 6 months after the

The control group consisted of 30 healthy persons aged 50-70 (18 women and 12 men) in whom no significant neurological diseases or orthopaedic injuries which might affect the

Results of control group are a part of a conducted research project through Dr. Wiesław Chwała, being aimed at creating the norm of the locomotion of healthy persons in an all

Locomotion tests were conducted at the Biokinetics Laboratory, Department of

The research project was approved by the Bioethics Committee at the Regional Chamber of

The gait was examined using the Vicon 250 computer system for three-dimensional gait analysis. This system consists of five cameras with a set of luminescent diodes and a data station. The cameras work in the infrared band, and the speed of image recording depends on the setting and type of camera. The frequency of camera operation is 120 images per second. The recorded two-dimensional image from one of the cameras is then transmitted to the data station, where, after being combined with the images from the other cameras, it

The data station is a specialised computer which collects and processes the data recorded by the cameras. Markers are plastic balls with a diameter of 25 mm covered with fluorescent material. The system determines the three-dimensional location of the markers in the form

ankle and hip joints, as well as time and spatio-temporal parameters.

operation when patients mobile without orthopedic support devices.

Anthropomotorics, University School of Physical Education in Cracow.

creates a three-dimensional representation of markers.

**3. Gait analysis in patients with gonarthrosis before and after total knee** 

**arthroplasty based on own research** 

**3.1 Material and method** 

individual gait pattern were found.

sorts age brackets.

Physicians.

value:6º)
