**3. Aging and cerebrovascular function**

As aging progresses, cerebrovascular function declines which can increase the possibility for ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs), microbleeds, and cognitive decline [64]. Healthy functional cerebral vessels can coordinate with CBF and appropriately supply blood to the brain [65]. However, cerebrovascular aging has the following features, which can lead to age-related cerebrovascular diseases: (i) endothelial senescence, (ii) oxidative stress and inflammation, (iii) microvascular rarefaction, (iv) arterial stiffness, (v) vascular lumen narrowness, and (vi) CBF reduction. Each feature according to cerebrovascular aging is described in detail in the following subsections.
