**6. Conclusions**

Overall, the successful transition of microalgal products from laboratory to industry largely depends on addressing various physiological limitations of microalgae. Biodiesel production from microalgae, although requires further research, can achieve commercial success by simple modifications such as heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae in combination with genetic engineering to gain properties such as fast-growing and high lipid-secreting ability in microalgae. High valued products from microalgae can also benefit from similar modification such as heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation; however, the lack of knowledge on the physiological role and the biochemical pathway regulating the synthesis of these products demands further research to strategically optimize the production to its maximal potential. EPS production by microalgae, on the other hand, has a benefit of the product being naturally secreted by microalgae; however, its commercial success is hindered by the lack of knowledge of its physiological role and the nebulous nature of its applications. Hydrogen production from microalgae is a promising candidate for being a cleaner source of energy over other alternatives; however, its failure to gain commercial attention is primarily due to the limited research invested.
